Relationships between bone parameters, jumping height and hormonal indices in adolescent female athletes
Date
2010-08-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Viimastel aastatel on osteoporoosi profülaktikaks järjest rohkem hakatud soovitama kehalist aktiivsust, eriti hüppelise iseloomuga koormuste rakendamist. On täheldatud, et nende spordialade esindajatel, kus kasutatakse palju hüppeid (võimlemine, sportmängud) on luude tihedus suurem. Luude kaalu suurenemise ning luukoe mineraliseerumise protsess toimub väga kiiresti puberteediperioodil, mil luukude on eriti tundlik hüppelise suunitlusega treeningutele, samuti toimuvad sel perioodil suured hormonaalsed muutused. Käesolevas uuringus osalesid erineva kehalise aktiivsuse tasemega puberteediealised tütarlapsed, kes jagunesid järgmistesse gruppidesse: sportmängijad, sprinterid, võimlejad, ujujad ja murdmaasuusatajad. Kontrollrühma moodustasid samaealised tütarlapsed, kes osalesid ainult kooli kehalise kasvatuse tundides kaks korda nädalas. Lisaks hüppetestide sooritamisele määrati uuritavate veres ka erinevate hormoonide näitajad, mis võiksid mõjutada luukoe arengut. Uuringu tulemused näitasid, et reieluu kaela luutihedus on mehaanilistele koormustele tundlikum kui selgroolülide luutihedus. Hüppetestide tulemused näitasid, et pikemaajalised hüppetestid on paremini seotud luu parameetritega kui ühekordse üleshüppe kõrgus. Usutav seos nii reieluu kaela kui ka selgroolülide luutiheduse ja estradiooli ning IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molaarse suhte vahel leiti ainult võimlejate grupis. Uuritud adipotsütokiinidest on ainult leptiin usutavalt seotud luutiheduse ja luu kaaluga reieluu kaelal ning selgroolülides võimlejate grupis.
Regular high-impact weight-bearing physical activity (ball games, racket sports, gymnastics, dance, running, or jumping exercises) during growth may play an important role in maximizing bone mineral mass gain, which may reduce the incidence of fractures in children and adolescents as well as osteoporosis in the elderly. Puberty is a period of increased bone adaptation to mechanical loading due to the velocity of bone growth and endocrine changes at this time. Sex hormones, insulin-like growth factors and physical activity are among the main determinants of bone gain during puberty. Physical activity per se is not always beneficial for bone health, thus bone development in adolescent athletes may also be affected by the nature of the sport. The studied pubertal girls were divided into the following groups according to their physical activity pattern: sport games, track sprint, rhythmic gymnastics, swimming and cross-country skiing. Control group consisted of the girls who only took part in compulsory physical education classes at school. The results of the current study demonstrated that repeated jumping tests characterized bone development better than a single maximal jump test in representatives of high-impact sport events (sport games and rhythmic gymnastics). Femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density correlated with estradiol and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio only in rhythmic gymnasts. Leptin was the only adipocytokine from the ones measured that correlated with femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density and femoral neck bone mineral content in rhythmic gymnasts’ group.
Regular high-impact weight-bearing physical activity (ball games, racket sports, gymnastics, dance, running, or jumping exercises) during growth may play an important role in maximizing bone mineral mass gain, which may reduce the incidence of fractures in children and adolescents as well as osteoporosis in the elderly. Puberty is a period of increased bone adaptation to mechanical loading due to the velocity of bone growth and endocrine changes at this time. Sex hormones, insulin-like growth factors and physical activity are among the main determinants of bone gain during puberty. Physical activity per se is not always beneficial for bone health, thus bone development in adolescent athletes may also be affected by the nature of the sport. The studied pubertal girls were divided into the following groups according to their physical activity pattern: sport games, track sprint, rhythmic gymnastics, swimming and cross-country skiing. Control group consisted of the girls who only took part in compulsory physical education classes at school. The results of the current study demonstrated that repeated jumping tests characterized bone development better than a single maximal jump test in representatives of high-impact sport events (sport games and rhythmic gymnastics). Femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density correlated with estradiol and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio only in rhythmic gymnasts. Leptin was the only adipocytokine from the ones measured that correlated with femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density and femoral neck bone mineral content in rhythmic gymnasts’ group.
Description
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone.
Keywords
doktoritööd, kinesioloogia