Cognitive functioning, perceived cognition, subjective complaints and symptoms of depression in patients with epilepsy: Neuropsychological assessment and SPET brain imaging study
Date
2014-06-27
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Abstract
Kognitiivsed ja psühhiaatrilised probleemid on epilepsia sagedasteks kaaslasteks. Kognitiivsete häirete, sagedaste subjektiivsete kognitiivsete kaebuste ja depressiooni esinemise risk on epilepsiaga inimestel oluliselt suurenenud.
Antud uurimistöö eesmärk oli kirjeldada epilepsiaga patsientide objektiivset kognitiivset profiili ja tajutud kognitiivseid võimeid, mõõta depressiooni mõju nii objektiivsele kui subjektiivsele kognitiivsele toimimisele ja uurida serotoniini transporteri (SERT) sidumisaktiivsust seoses depressiooni sümptomite esinemisega epilepsiaga inimestel.
Uuringus osales 62 epilepsiaga patsienti ja 53 tervet katsealust, kes läbisid neuropsühholoogilise hindamise, täitsid subjektiivsete kaebuste küsimustiku ja depressiooniküsimustiku. 12 epilepsiaga patsienti osales üksikfooton-emissioon tomograafia uuringus (SPET), kus kasutati SERT ligandi 123I-ADAM.
Tulemustest selgus, et epilepsiaga patsientide sooritus oli kontrollgrupiga võrreldes nõrgem erinevates verbaalsete võimete testides. Fokaalse epilepsiaga patsientide testitulemused olid generaliseerunud epilepsiaga patsientide tulemustest kehvemad. Subjektiivsed kognitiivsed kaebused ei korreleerunud objektiivsete testitulemustega, kuid olid olulisel määral seotud depressioonisümptomite esinemisega. Depressiooniküsimustikus kõrgema punktisummaga patsiendid esitasid rohkem subjektiivseid kaebusi. Depressiooni sümptomite esinemine seostus mitmete kognitiivsete testitulemustega, viidates depressiooni võimalikule laastavale toimele epilepsiaga patsientide kognitiivsete võimete osas. SERT sidumisaktiivsus SPET uuringul ei näidanud mingeid seoseid depressiooni sümptomitega epilepsia korral.
Antud uurimistöö tulemused rõhutavad neuropsühholoogilise hindamise, aga eriti depressiooni diagnoosimise ja ravi vajalikkust epilepsiaga inimestel. Suurenenud subjektiivsete kaebuste määra ei tohiks epilepsia korral kontrollimatult seostada objektiivsete kognitiivsete häiretega, vaid see peaks arsti hoiatama võimaliku depressiooni ilmingute osas.
Cognitive and psychiatric problems are common companions of epilepsy. Risk for having various neuropsychological impairments, having increased rates of subjective cognitive complaints, and developing depression is increased in people with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to describe the cognitive profile and perceived cognition of patients with epilepsy in Estonia, to assess the influence of symptoms of depression on objective and subjective cognitive measures, and to investigate serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in association with presence of symptoms of depression in patients with epilepsy. 62 patients with epilepsy and 53 healthy control subjects performed neuropsychological assessment, filled subjective complaint questionnaire and depression questionnaire during the study. 12 patients with epilepsy were investigated with single photon emission tomography (SPET) using SERT ligand 123I-ADAM. The results indicated that patients with epilepsy performed worse in different neuropsychological tests of verbal functions. The performance was worse in patients with focal epilepsy compared to patients with generalized epilepsy. Subjective cognitive complaints did not correlate with objective cognitive measures but were associated with the presence of symptoms of depression. Patients with higher depression scale score presented more subjective complaints. Symptoms of depression were strongly associated with many cognitive test scores indicating the negative influence of depression on cognitive functions. SERT binding in the midbrain did not show any associations with symptoms of depression in patients with epilepsy. The results of this study emphasize the importance of neuropsychological assessment and especially depression screening and treatment in patients with epilepsy. Increased amount of subjective complaints should not be taken at face value for cognitive dysfunction but should alert physicians to search for depression in people with epilepsy.
Cognitive and psychiatric problems are common companions of epilepsy. Risk for having various neuropsychological impairments, having increased rates of subjective cognitive complaints, and developing depression is increased in people with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to describe the cognitive profile and perceived cognition of patients with epilepsy in Estonia, to assess the influence of symptoms of depression on objective and subjective cognitive measures, and to investigate serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in association with presence of symptoms of depression in patients with epilepsy. 62 patients with epilepsy and 53 healthy control subjects performed neuropsychological assessment, filled subjective complaint questionnaire and depression questionnaire during the study. 12 patients with epilepsy were investigated with single photon emission tomography (SPET) using SERT ligand 123I-ADAM. The results indicated that patients with epilepsy performed worse in different neuropsychological tests of verbal functions. The performance was worse in patients with focal epilepsy compared to patients with generalized epilepsy. Subjective cognitive complaints did not correlate with objective cognitive measures but were associated with the presence of symptoms of depression. Patients with higher depression scale score presented more subjective complaints. Symptoms of depression were strongly associated with many cognitive test scores indicating the negative influence of depression on cognitive functions. SERT binding in the midbrain did not show any associations with symptoms of depression in patients with epilepsy. The results of this study emphasize the importance of neuropsychological assessment and especially depression screening and treatment in patients with epilepsy. Increased amount of subjective complaints should not be taken at face value for cognitive dysfunction but should alert physicians to search for depression in people with epilepsy.
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Keywords
epilepsia, kognitiivsed häired, depressioon, neuropsühholoogiline hindamine, isotoopdiagnostika, epilepsy, cognition disorders, depression, neuropsychological assessment, radioisotope diagnostics