Metabolomic profile of arterial stiffness and early biomarkers of renal damage in atherosclerosis
Date
2016-11-08
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Ateroskleroos on krooniline põletikuline haigus, mis põhjustab arterite ahenemist ja/või sulgumist ning sellest tingituna eluohtlikku organite verevarustuse puudulikkust (nt. infarkt, insult, gangreen). Ateroskleroosi täpsem varajaste riskitegurite ja patofüsioloogiliste tekkemehhanismide tuvastamine on kriitilise tähtsusega, sest arterikahjustustest tingitud südame- ja veresoonkonna haigused on paljudes riikides, sealhulgas Eestis, surmapõhjustena esikohal.
Enamasti kaasub ateroskleroosiga ka arterite jäigenemine (s.o. arterite vähenenud võime laieneda vererõhu tõusu mõjul). Aordi suurenenud jäikus ennustab sõltumatult üld- ja kardiovaskulaarset suremust nii erinevates haigusgruppides kui ka üldrahvastikus. Kuna arterite jäigenemine ei ole isoleeritud patoloogiline protsess, vaid on seotud mitmete süsteemsete hemodünaamiliste ja biokeemiliste muutustega, võib just nende seoste detailsem tuvastamine ja analüüs viia sügavama arusaamani veresoonte funktsiooni languse põhjustest.
Meie töö eesmärgiks oli tuvastada nii subkliinilise neerukahjustuse kui ka madalmolekulaarsete ühendite profiili (sh lipiidid, aminohapped, süsivesikud) potentsiaalsed seosed arterite jäikusega sümptomaatilise stabiilse südame isheemiatõve ja sümptomaatilise alajäsemete arterite ateroskleroosiga haigetel.
Varasemalt on näidatud, et krooniline neerupuudulikkus on seotud arterite funktsiooni häirumisega. Antud töös leidsime, et suurenenud arterite jäikus on sõltumatult seotud uute varajase neerukahjustuse biomarkerite kõrgema tasemega ka nendel ateroskleroosiga haigetel, kellel kliiniliselt väljendunud neeruhaigus puudub. Seega võivad muutused arterite funktsioonis olla seotud neerukahjustusega juba enne kliiniliselt olulise neerufunktsiooni languse väljakujunemist.
Samuti leidsime uudsed sõltumatud seosed lipiidide ainevahetuse ühendite (atsüülkarnitiinid, fosfatidüülkoliinid, lüsofosfatidüülkoliinid), aordi jäikuse, endoteeli düsfunktsiooni ning teatud hemodünaamiliste näitajate vahel. Tuvastatud arterite kahjustusega seotud madalmolekulaarsed ühendid võivad tulevikus klassikaliste lipiidide ainevahetuse markerite (üldkolesterool, kõrge ja madala tihedusega lipoproteiinid, triglütseriidid) kõrval rakendust leida uudsete südame- ja veresoonkonna haiguste indikaatoritena, riski täpsema hindamise vahenditena, aga miks mitte ka ravi sihtmärkidena.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder where the arteries become narrowed and/or occluded and the blood supply to vital organs is restricted leading to potentially fatal complications (e.g. myocardial infarction, stroke, gangrene). A more precise determination of risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis is of critical importance since cardiovascular disease is the leading global cause of death. Atherosclerosis is generally accompanied by increased arterial stiffness (defined as the reduced capability of arteries to expand in response to rising blood pressure). Increased aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in many different patient groups and in the general population. Since arterial stiffening is not an isolated pathological process, but is associated with systemic hemodynamic and biochemical alterations, a more detailed insight into these associations can lead to deeper understanding of the mechanisms contributing to vascular dysfunction. In our study, we aimed to determine whether sublinical renal damage and serum low molecular weight metabolites (e.g. lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates) associate with arterial stiffness, hemodynamical parameters and inflammation in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Findings from previous studies indicate that chronic renal disease is associated with arterial dysfunction. We found independent relationships between novel early biomarkers of renal damage and aortic stiffness in atherosclerotic patients without clinically significant renal disease. Thus, our results suggest that arterial stiffness is an early contributor of renal damage. We also determined novel independent associations between intermediates of lipid metabolism (acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines), aortic stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and certain hemodynamic parameters. Apart from the classical lipid biomarkers (total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides) that have long been used in everyday clinical practice, the arterial damage-related low molecular weight lipids identified in our study may prove to be useful in the early detection and risk stratification of cardiovascular disease in the future, possibly even becoming sufficient therapeutic targets.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder where the arteries become narrowed and/or occluded and the blood supply to vital organs is restricted leading to potentially fatal complications (e.g. myocardial infarction, stroke, gangrene). A more precise determination of risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis is of critical importance since cardiovascular disease is the leading global cause of death. Atherosclerosis is generally accompanied by increased arterial stiffness (defined as the reduced capability of arteries to expand in response to rising blood pressure). Increased aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in many different patient groups and in the general population. Since arterial stiffening is not an isolated pathological process, but is associated with systemic hemodynamic and biochemical alterations, a more detailed insight into these associations can lead to deeper understanding of the mechanisms contributing to vascular dysfunction. In our study, we aimed to determine whether sublinical renal damage and serum low molecular weight metabolites (e.g. lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates) associate with arterial stiffness, hemodynamical parameters and inflammation in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Findings from previous studies indicate that chronic renal disease is associated with arterial dysfunction. We found independent relationships between novel early biomarkers of renal damage and aortic stiffness in atherosclerotic patients without clinically significant renal disease. Thus, our results suggest that arterial stiffness is an early contributor of renal damage. We also determined novel independent associations between intermediates of lipid metabolism (acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines), aortic stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and certain hemodynamic parameters. Apart from the classical lipid biomarkers (total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides) that have long been used in everyday clinical practice, the arterial damage-related low molecular weight lipids identified in our study may prove to be useful in the early detection and risk stratification of cardiovascular disease in the future, possibly even becoming sufficient therapeutic targets.
Description
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone.
Keywords
ateroskleroos, arterid, jäikus, metaboloomika, neerud, kahjustused, biomarkerid, atherosclerosis, arteries, stiffness, metabolomics, kidneys, damages, biomarkers