Teisest maailmasõjast tingitud Balti pagulaste problemaatika aastatel 1945–1952 Eesti pagulaste näitel
Date
2012-05-08
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Abstract
Väitekirjas käsitletakse Teise maailmasõja tõttu läände sattunud balti pagulaste problemaatikat 1945-1952 Eesti pagulaste näitel. Töö koosneb neljast artiklist, artikleid täiendavast kahest peatükis ja arutelust. Kui esimeses artiklis antakse ülevaade Eesti diasporaa tekkest ning seni toimunud kolmest suuremast väljarände lainest, siis teine artikkel keskendub kitsalt Teise maailmasõja ajal toimunud eestlaste lahkumisele läände. Kolmas artikkel käsitleb eestlaste repatrieerimist ning repatrieerumist. Kuna repatrieerumisega on otseselt seotud Jalta konverents, siis kolmandas artiklis vaadeldaksegi põhjalikumalt asjaolusid, mis viisid Jalta konverentsi otsusteni ja ka seda, millised olid konverentsil vastuvõetud otsuste tagajärjed baltlastest pagulastele. Dissertatsiooni neljandas artiklis käsitletakse Taani sattunud eestlastest põgenike saatust. Artikli alguses antakse põhjalik ülevaade sõjajärgselt Taani, kui Briti tsooni kuulunud piirkonna, põgenike elukorraldusest. Pärast Taani sattunud põgenike elukorralduse tutvustust järgneb detailne andmeanalüüs Taani sattunud eestlastest. Analüüsimiseks võeti nende vanus, haridus, amet(id), peamised sihtriikid Taanist edasi ümberasumisel. Väitekirja esimeses peatükis esitatakse Teise maailmasõja ajal ning järgselt terminite põgenik ja maapagulane (ingl displaced person DP) ümber toimunu. Analüüsitakse, mis võis avaldada mõju mainitud terminite arengutele ning mis oli läbiviidud muudatuste oletatavad eesmärgid. Dissertatsiooni teine peatükk käsitleb Teise maailmasõja ajal ja järgselt tegutsenud rahvusvaheliste pagulasorganisatsioonide tegevust. Töös keskendutakse eelkõige Ühinenud Rahvaste Abistamis- ja Taastamise Administratsiooni (UNRRA) tegevusele.
Kokkuvõttes saab öelda, et dissertatsiooniga õnnestus käibele tuua uusi algallikaid. Allikate kriitiline analüüs ja põhjalik uurimine võimaldab ümber lükata mõned senised seisukohad eestlaste sattumisest läände Teise maailmasõja käigus ning mõista paremini, mis nendega edasi toimunus.
This dissertation studies the fate of refugees and displaced persons from the Baltic countries that were displaced to the West, using Estonians as the example. The dissertation consists of four articles, two chapters that supplement the articles, and a discussion that sums up the chapters and articles. The first article gives an overview of the development of the Estonian diaspora and explains the temporal and spatial changes in the diaspora. The second article studies the Estonians who left during World War II as well as the process of emigration. The third article deals with repatriation of the Estonians and the Yalta Agreement that was signed in February 1945 in detail. The fourth article focuses on the Estonians that ended up in Denmark during the World War II. This article gives first of all an overview of the refugees camps in Denmark: who and how took care of the refugees in the camps. Secondly, there is a detailed study about the Estonians who ended up in Denmark and stayed in the camps. The first chapter of this dissertation analyses the terms ‘refugee’ and ‘displaced person’ in the context of World War II. The second chapter provides an overview of the international refugee organisations that operated during and after World War II. Based on earlier research, it was known that, compared to other organisations which were active at the time, the UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) played a significant role in influencing the fate of the refugees and DPs of Europe, including the Baltic countries. Summing up the years of research, the author can conclude that the refugees and displaced persons displaced to the West from Baltic countries have been regarded as a part of the East-West conflict.
This dissertation studies the fate of refugees and displaced persons from the Baltic countries that were displaced to the West, using Estonians as the example. The dissertation consists of four articles, two chapters that supplement the articles, and a discussion that sums up the chapters and articles. The first article gives an overview of the development of the Estonian diaspora and explains the temporal and spatial changes in the diaspora. The second article studies the Estonians who left during World War II as well as the process of emigration. The third article deals with repatriation of the Estonians and the Yalta Agreement that was signed in February 1945 in detail. The fourth article focuses on the Estonians that ended up in Denmark during the World War II. This article gives first of all an overview of the refugees camps in Denmark: who and how took care of the refugees in the camps. Secondly, there is a detailed study about the Estonians who ended up in Denmark and stayed in the camps. The first chapter of this dissertation analyses the terms ‘refugee’ and ‘displaced person’ in the context of World War II. The second chapter provides an overview of the international refugee organisations that operated during and after World War II. Based on earlier research, it was known that, compared to other organisations which were active at the time, the UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) played a significant role in influencing the fate of the refugees and DPs of Europe, including the Baltic countries. Summing up the years of research, the author can conclude that the refugees and displaced persons displaced to the West from Baltic countries have been regarded as a part of the East-West conflict.
Description
Väitekirja elektriooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone.
Keywords
Teine maailmasõda, 1939-1945, pagulased, eestlased, ümberasustatud, repatrieerimine, saatus, allikad (algmaterjal), terminid, World War II, refugees, Estonians, displaced persons, repatriation, fate, sources (source materials), terms (words)