Parts of the Sentence
PARTS OF THE SENTENCE
The present table introduces the names for the parts of the sentence in the English language. It allows the student to get acquainted with the terms and to compare them with the correspondent terms in his/her mother tongue (either Russian or Estonian).
| Term | Explanation |
Russian equivalent | Estonian equivalent |
| Subject |
The subject is one of the two main parts of a sentence which determines the verbal part of the predicate regarding its number and person. |
Подлежащее | Alus |
| Predicate |
The predicate is the second main part of the sentence. It is the organising centre of the sentence as the object and practically all adverbial modifiers are connected with the predicate and dependent on it. The predicate may denote an action, a state, a quality, or an attitude to an action or state ascribed to the subject. | Сказуемое |
Öeldis |
| Object |
The object is a secondary part of the sentence which refers to some other part of the sentence. | Дополнение | Sihitis |
| Direct object |
The direct object is the non-prepositional object which follows transitive verbs, adjectives or statives and completes their meaning. |
Прямое дополнение | Otsesihitis |
| Indirect object |
The indirect object is the object that follows verbs, adjectives and statives and can be attached to bot transitive and intransitive verbs. | Косвенное дополнение |
Kaudsihitis |
| Cognate object |
The cognate object is the non-prepositional object which is attached to usually intransitive verbs and which is always expressed by nouns derived from or semantically related to the root of the governing verb. | Дополнение-существительное |
|
| Attribute |
The attribute is a secondary member of the sentence. It characterises person or non-person expressed by the heardword either from the point of view of quality, quantity or from the point of view of the situation. The attribute is always subordinated to its headword. |
Определение |
Täiend |
| Apposition |
The apposition is a part of the sentence which is expressed by a noun or nominal phrase and refers to another noun or nominal phrase as well as sometimes to a clause. The apposition is connected to its headword by means of coordination, i.e. they are constituents of the same level in the sentence. | Приложение |
Lisand |
| Adverbial modifier |
The adverbial modifier (adverbial) is a secondary part of the sentence which modifies another part of the sentence expressed by a verb, an adjective, a stative or an adverb. Semantically adverbs can denote place, time, manner, cause, result, purpose, condition, concession, comparison, degree, measure, exception, attendant circumstances, thus forming corresponding semantic classes, such as adverbial of time, place, manner, etc. | Обстоятельство |
Määrus |