Morphological and genetical variation within species complexes: Anthyllis vulneraria s. l. and Alchemilla vulgaris (coll.)
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2010-05-14T05:52:52Z
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Abstract
Käesolevas töös analüüsiti võrdlevalt hariliku koldrohu (Anthyllis vulneraria) ja hariliku kortslehe (Alchemilla vulgaris) liigikomplekside morfoloogilist ja geneetilist varieeruvust. Hariliku koldrohu puhul mõõdeti kokku 26 tunnust looduslikest populatsioonidest kogutud isendeil ja lisaks herbaarmaterjalil Eesti erinevatest herbaariumidest. Saadud mõõtmistulemusi analüüsiti statistiliste meetodite abil. Ka hariliku kortslehe morfomeetrilisteks analüüsideks kasutati looduslikest populatsioonidest kogutud isendeid, kuid analüüsiti geograafilisi ja ökoloogilisi mõjusid morfoloogilistele tunnustele. Lisaks hinnati hariliku koldrohu geneetilist mitmekesisust molekulaarsete tunnuste alusel kasutades valikulist restriktsiooni fragmentide amplifikatsiooni polümeraasi ahelreaktsioonil (AFLP). Töö tulemusel võib öelda, et nii A. vulneraria s. l. kui A. vulgaris (coll.) on liigikompleksid, mida iseloomustavad keerukas paljunemise süsteem, üleminevate seisunditega tunnused, kompleksi kuuluvate taksonite raskestimääratavus ning koldrohtude puhul ka arvatavate hübriidide esinemine. Kortslehtede puhul on tegemist püsivate tunnustega erinevates keskkonnatingimustes ning mikroliikide eristamine seega antud tulemuste põhjal igati õigustatud. Koldrohtude liigikompleksis aga on liikide eristumine vähem tõestatud – morfomeetrilisel analüüsil saadud tulemused toetavad viie mitte kaheksa liigisisese taksoni eristamist. Samade taksonite molekulaarne analüüs aga ei erista neist ühtegi. Seega on ilmselt vajalikud edasised uuringud morfoloogiliste tunnuste stabiilsuse hindamiseks sarnastel tingimustel või erinevate manipulatsioonide korral.
The present study was performed to investigate the morphological variation of A. vulneraria s. l. and A. vulgaris (coll.). As visually subtaxa of these two are hardly separated, a morphometrical study is presented in order to address questions about the variability of taxa. The efficacy of different morphological characters to identify the taxa is estimated. To assess the plasticity of morphological characters under different environmental and experimental conditions Alchemilla microspecies were grown under manipulated conditions in a common garden experiment. As molecular data are often recommended for distinguishing hardly recognizable taxa within species complexes, a molecular study of Anthyllis vulneraria s. l. was carried out. The level of AFLP variation between and within seven intraspecific taxa was investigated and the genetic differences of the taxa were quantified between contrasting edaphic and climatic conditions. The results of morphometrical analysis of this work support the fact that both Anthyllis vulneraria s. l. and Alchemilla vulgaris (coll.) can be considered species complexes, while intraspecific taxa of these two are morphometrically complex and continuous. It can be said that the current work supports the existing system for Alchemilla microspecies and these taxa are morphologically rather distinct. In contrast, obtained results support the deduction of taxa distinguished within A. vulneraria s. l. It was found reasonable to distinguish at the subspecies or even variety level five morphological taxa. Still, similar common garden experiment and manipulations as used on A. vulgaris species complex would make a better basis for final conclusions.
The present study was performed to investigate the morphological variation of A. vulneraria s. l. and A. vulgaris (coll.). As visually subtaxa of these two are hardly separated, a morphometrical study is presented in order to address questions about the variability of taxa. The efficacy of different morphological characters to identify the taxa is estimated. To assess the plasticity of morphological characters under different environmental and experimental conditions Alchemilla microspecies were grown under manipulated conditions in a common garden experiment. As molecular data are often recommended for distinguishing hardly recognizable taxa within species complexes, a molecular study of Anthyllis vulneraria s. l. was carried out. The level of AFLP variation between and within seven intraspecific taxa was investigated and the genetic differences of the taxa were quantified between contrasting edaphic and climatic conditions. The results of morphometrical analysis of this work support the fact that both Anthyllis vulneraria s. l. and Alchemilla vulgaris (coll.) can be considered species complexes, while intraspecific taxa of these two are morphometrically complex and continuous. It can be said that the current work supports the existing system for Alchemilla microspecies and these taxa are morphologically rather distinct. In contrast, obtained results support the deduction of taxa distinguished within A. vulneraria s. l. It was found reasonable to distinguish at the subspecies or even variety level five morphological taxa. Still, similar common garden experiment and manipulations as used on A. vulgaris species complex would make a better basis for final conclusions.
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