Relationships between inflammatory markers, body composition, bone health, and cardiorespiratory fitness in 10- to 11-year-old overweight and normal weight boys
Date
2014-04-28
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Abstract
Rasvumisel on kahjulik mõju tervisele ja see on tõsiseks probleemiks laste seas. Aktiivne eluviis lapsepõlves loob eeldused paremaks terviseks täiskasvanuna. Ülekaalulistel lastel esineb luumurde sagedamini, mis viitab seosele rasvumuse ja luutiheduse vahel. Eriti kriitiline aeg on murdeiga, mil algab luumassi ülesehitamine. Rasvumise väljakujunemisel on oma kindel koht ka põletikul, mida saab hinnata mitmesuguste põletikunäitajate määramisega verest. Neid põletikunäitajaid uurides saame paremini aru, kas ja kuidas põletik rasvumise korral mõjutab luu tervist ja kehalist võimekust.
Töö eesmärgiks oli uurida 10- ja 11-aastastel ülekaalulistel ja normaalkaalulistel poistel kolmeteist erinevat põletikumarkerit veres ja uurida seoseid nende markerite ning keha koostise, luutiheduse, ja kehalise võimekuse vahel.
Uuringu tulemused näitasid, et kolmeteistkümnest vereseerumis mõõdetud põletikumarkerist olid ülekaalulistel poistel oluliselt kõrgemad interleukiin-6, interleukiin-8, monotsüütne kemotaktiline valk-1, C-reaktiivne valk ja interferoon-γ tasemed. Lisaks olid interleukiin-6, tuumori nekroosi faktor-α, C-reaktiivne valk ja interferoon-γ tase positiivselt seotud rasvamassiga ülekaalulistel poistel. Need tulemused näitavad, et suurenenud rasvamass on seotud kõrgema põletiku aktiivsusega. Vaatamata suuremale kogu keha luutihedusele, oli ülekaalulistel poistel väiksem volumeetriline luutihedus võrreldes normaalkaaluliste poistega, mis kirjanduse andmetel suurendab riski luumurdude tekkeks täiskasvanuna. Samuti leidsime ülekaalulistel poistel positiivse korrelatsiooni vereseerumi interferoon-γ kontsentratsiooni ja luutiheduse vahel. See näitab, et põletikuline protsess, mis esineb juba 10-11-aastastel ülekaalulistel lastel, võib mõjutada luutiheduse edasist suurenemist. Ülekaalulistel poistel oli ka madalam kehaline võimekus mõõdetuna maksimaalse hapnikutarbimisena kilogrammides kehamassi kohta, mis oli negatiivselt seotud vereseerumi interleukiin-6 kontsentratsiooniga. Selle markeri määramine võib aidata ülekaaluliste poiste seas leida neid, kellel on kehaline võimekus madalam ja seetõttu vajavad spetsiaalseid treeninguid, et saavutada kehalise koormuse maksimaalne mõju tervisele.
Obesity has an adverse impact on health and it is a serious problem among children. Active lifestyle in childhood provides basement for better health in adulthood. Overweight children have more frequent fractures indicating a link between obesity and bone mineral density. Puberty is particularly important as this is a time when peak bone mass accumulation starts. Inflammation has a role in the development of obesity which can be assessed by measuring various inflammatory markers in serum. Therefore, measurement of inflammatory parameters in serum should indicate whether and how the inflammation in obesity may affect bone health and cardiorespiratory fitness. Aim of this study was to investigate the associations between thirteen different serum inflammatory markers and body composition, bone health, and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and normal weight boys at the age of 10-11 years. Our study showed that out of thirteen measured inflammatory markers in serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, C-reactive protein and interferon-γ concentration in serum was higher in overweight boys compared to normal weight boys. In addition, serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein and interferon-γ concentration was positively correlated with body fat mass in overweight boys. These results indicate that increased fat mass is associated with high inflammation activity. Despite of greater total body bone mineral density, overweight boys had lower total body volumetric bone mineral density compared with normal weight boys that according to the literature may increase the risk for fractures in adulthood. We found a positive correlation between serum interferon-γ concentration and bone mineral density. This indicates that inflammation already in process in 10 to 11-year old overweight children may affect further increment of bone mineral density. Overweight boys had also lower cardiorespiratory fitness level measured by relative peak oxygen consumption per kilogram of body weight. The latter was negatively correlated with serum interleukin-6 concentration. Measurement of serum interleukin-6 level in overweight boys may help to identify subjects who need specific aerobic exercise formats and levels to achieve maximal beneficial health effects.
Obesity has an adverse impact on health and it is a serious problem among children. Active lifestyle in childhood provides basement for better health in adulthood. Overweight children have more frequent fractures indicating a link between obesity and bone mineral density. Puberty is particularly important as this is a time when peak bone mass accumulation starts. Inflammation has a role in the development of obesity which can be assessed by measuring various inflammatory markers in serum. Therefore, measurement of inflammatory parameters in serum should indicate whether and how the inflammation in obesity may affect bone health and cardiorespiratory fitness. Aim of this study was to investigate the associations between thirteen different serum inflammatory markers and body composition, bone health, and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and normal weight boys at the age of 10-11 years. Our study showed that out of thirteen measured inflammatory markers in serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, C-reactive protein and interferon-γ concentration in serum was higher in overweight boys compared to normal weight boys. In addition, serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein and interferon-γ concentration was positively correlated with body fat mass in overweight boys. These results indicate that increased fat mass is associated with high inflammation activity. Despite of greater total body bone mineral density, overweight boys had lower total body volumetric bone mineral density compared with normal weight boys that according to the literature may increase the risk for fractures in adulthood. We found a positive correlation between serum interferon-γ concentration and bone mineral density. This indicates that inflammation already in process in 10 to 11-year old overweight children may affect further increment of bone mineral density. Overweight boys had also lower cardiorespiratory fitness level measured by relative peak oxygen consumption per kilogram of body weight. The latter was negatively correlated with serum interleukin-6 concentration. Measurement of serum interleukin-6 level in overweight boys may help to identify subjects who need specific aerobic exercise formats and levels to achieve maximal beneficial health effects.
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Keywords
poisid, keha koostis, luutihedus, kehalised võimed, põletik, biomarkerid, boys, body composition, physical abilities, inflammation, biomarkers, bone density