Cooperative security dilemma – practicing the Hobbesian security culture in the Kantian security environment
Kuupäev
2010-09-28
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Doktoritöö põhieesmark on täiendada rahvusvaheliste suhete teooriat uurides julgeolekudilemmade tekke kultuurilisi motiive. Töö väidab, et hobbesiaanliku kultuuri praktiseerimine kantiaanlikus julgeolekukeskonnas võib tekitada koostööalase julgeolekudilemma. Julgeolekudilemma analüüsimisel on töös määratletud julgeolekukultuuride ideaaltüübid, konfliktipõhised hobbesiaanliku-lokiaanlikud ja koostööpõhised kantiaanlikud kultuurid, mis lähtuvad Alexander Wendti poliitiliste kultuuride kolmesest jaotusest (hobbesiaanlik sõda, lokiaanlik rivaliteet ja kantiaanlik julgeolekukooslus). Töö kasutab julgeolekukultuure rahvusvaheliste süsteemide, aga ka rahvusvaheliste toimijate julgeolekualase käitumise analüüsimisel ning vaatleb, kuidas see on mõjutatud toimijate normidest, väärtustest, uskumustest, narratiividest ja identiteetidest. Erinevate kultuuride kooseksisteerimine võib põhjustada kogu rahvusvahelise süsteemi ebastabiilsust ning tekitada klassikalisi julgeolekudilemmasid (kui süsteem on konfliktipõhine) või koostööalaseid julgeolekudilemmasid (kui süsteem on koostööpõhine). Kantiaanlikus julgeolekukeskkonnas võib koostööalane julgeolekudilemma võtta integratsioonidilemma või identiteedidilemma kuju. Kui esimesel juhtumil on toimijate kultuuriline identiteet sarnane, kuid nende julgeolekualased eelistused takistavad lõimumist, siis teise juhtumi põhjustavad erinevad identiteedid. Uurimiskeskkondadena kasutab töö Läänemere piirkonna külma sõja järgset julgeolekukeskkonda integratsioonidilemma puhul (sh Taani väljajäämine CSDP raamest ja Soome mitteliitumine NATO-ga) ja Eesti-Venemaa suhete dilemma mitmeid avaldumisvorme identiteedidilemma uurimiseks.
The primary goal of the dissertation is to contribute to the International Relations theory while examining cultural motives related to the emergence of security dilemmas. The dissertation argues that if international actors practice the Hobbesian security culture in the Kantian security environment, this may lead to a situation defined as a cooperative security dilemma. As a point of departure, the study sets up two basic security cultures - the Hobbesian/Lockean one and the Kantian one, which are instruments of political cultures, while operating in security environments and facing the security issues. These cultures are closely related to the types of political cultures identified by Alexander Wendt– the Hobbesian war, the Lockean rivalry and the Kantian security community, in which the first two rely on the conflict of nature and the latter emphasizes the positive impact of international cooperation. Security cultures are used as a medium to study why international systems but also actors within the system behave like they do while ensuring their security needs and how this process is influenced by norms, values, beliefs, narratives and identities, practiced by actors. The co-existence of different cultures may produce instability for the whole inter¬national system and such instability may generate classical security dilemmas (if the system is generally conflict-based) or cooperative security dilemmas (if the system favors cooperation). In the Kantian security environment, a coopera¬tive security dilemma may take a shape of an integration dilemma – the cultural identities of actors are close, but their security preferences prevent further integration. Another manifestation of cooperative security dilemma is an identity dilemma, which lies on distinct security identities. The integration dilemma is analyzed on the basis of so-called ‘Baltic Balance’ describing the post-Cold War security environment in the Baltic Sea region, and particularly focusing to Denmark’s opt-out from the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) and Finland’s relationship with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The identity dilemma is examined through the development of Estonia-Russia relationship in the post-Cold War era.
The primary goal of the dissertation is to contribute to the International Relations theory while examining cultural motives related to the emergence of security dilemmas. The dissertation argues that if international actors practice the Hobbesian security culture in the Kantian security environment, this may lead to a situation defined as a cooperative security dilemma. As a point of departure, the study sets up two basic security cultures - the Hobbesian/Lockean one and the Kantian one, which are instruments of political cultures, while operating in security environments and facing the security issues. These cultures are closely related to the types of political cultures identified by Alexander Wendt– the Hobbesian war, the Lockean rivalry and the Kantian security community, in which the first two rely on the conflict of nature and the latter emphasizes the positive impact of international cooperation. Security cultures are used as a medium to study why international systems but also actors within the system behave like they do while ensuring their security needs and how this process is influenced by norms, values, beliefs, narratives and identities, practiced by actors. The co-existence of different cultures may produce instability for the whole inter¬national system and such instability may generate classical security dilemmas (if the system is generally conflict-based) or cooperative security dilemmas (if the system favors cooperation). In the Kantian security environment, a coopera¬tive security dilemma may take a shape of an integration dilemma – the cultural identities of actors are close, but their security preferences prevent further integration. Another manifestation of cooperative security dilemma is an identity dilemma, which lies on distinct security identities. The integration dilemma is analyzed on the basis of so-called ‘Baltic Balance’ describing the post-Cold War security environment in the Baltic Sea region, and particularly focusing to Denmark’s opt-out from the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) and Finland’s relationship with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The identity dilemma is examined through the development of Estonia-Russia relationship in the post-Cold War era.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
doktoritööd, politoloogia, julgeolek