Browsing by Author "Aljas, Riin"

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    Eesti ajakirjanike hinnangud ajakirjanduse aruandekohustuse ja vastutuse suhtes
    (Tartu Ülikool, 2012) Aljas, Riin; Himma-Kadakas, Marju, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
    Keywords: journalist’s attitudes, media ethics, professional values, responsibility, accountability, transparency, self-regulation, Estonian journalism, MediaAct. “This bachelor’s thesis is titled „Attitudes towards accountability and responsibility among Estonian journalists.” The main aim of the paper is to find answers to the following questions about Estonian journalism: Who or what holds journalists accountable? Which internal and external factors have an impact on their everyday work and their attitudes towards the media accountability, media accountability systems and media criticism in Estonian journalism? In order to discuss those issues, statistical analysis was performed with the results of a survey which was conducted among 140 professional journalists in Estonia. Results of the survey showed that the presence of media self-criticism and accountability is marginal in Estonia. It is more likely to happen within an organization than within public sphere. The concept of organization is also crucial, when it comes to daily practices of journalist, since they consider the instructions coming mainly from upper level and chief-editors as the most important influential factor when it comes to their job. The internal and individual level comes into play only when considering responsibility. In such case we argue that professional and individual responsibility is clearly dominant among Estonian journalists. Taking that into account, point must be made that although individual and professional responsibility is ranked high, those values do not stand a chance going against organizational values, due to lack of individual autonomy among journalists. Main factors which hold back the effectiveness and full presence of media accountability systems in Estonia are the following: lack of individual autonomy among journalists; organizations’ high dependence on financial aspects and the effects of commercialization; and the lack of knowledge and incapability to see media accountability in every day context among journalists.
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    Läti siirdeaja periodiseering ja poliitilised protsessid Lauristini ja Vihalemma siirdeprotsessi raamistiku näitel
    (Tartu Ülikool, 2012) Aljas, Riin; Pettai, Vello, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Riigiteaduste instituut
    In 2011 all three Baltic states celebrated their 20 year anniversary of regaining independence. Despite the similarities between the countries and quite equal starting positions after breaking away from Soviet Union, we can see today, that Baltic countries are not as similar as they used to be. That is, especially in the case of Latvia and Estonia. After the financial crisis of 2009, Estonia has once again gained reputation as the shining star of the Baltics. To see whether this image is a myth or it is just a shallow observation, we should look at the progress made in transition period. Hence, the aim of this bachelor paper was to periodize the past 25 years (1986-2011) of Latvia using the framework, developed by Marju Lauristin and Peeter Vihalemm for periodizing the same era years in Estonia. In addition to getting an overview about Latvian transition, its outcomes and impacts on society, the paper tried to test whether historical periodization is suitable and useful in that kind of transition analysis. The paper claims that the development of two countries have been quite similar, as in the most cases periods crutial for transition match quite perfectly. However, if one looks at the differences, it can be seen that Estonia has been faster and the periods are more distinguishable than in Latvia. Taking account the societal and human development aspect of transformation, it seems that Estonia is not far better off than Latvia, when we leave out corruption. In all other aspects Estonia struggles with the same problems characteristic to all post-soviet nations.