Browsing by Author "Kivisalu, Kaidi-Lisa"
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Item #MeToo movement in Estonia: a frame analysis(Tartu Ülikool, 2019) Kivisalu, Kaidi-Lisa; Uba, Katrin, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituutA new social movement was born in October 2017. In light of a high-profile sexual harassment scandal, women took to various social media channels to share their own stories of sexual harassment and violence using the #MeToo hashtag. The viral nature of the #MeToo movement saw its rapid spread to various other countries, Estonia included. The aim of this thesis was to analyse the response to the #MeToo movement in the Estonian media and political sphere. Two central questions were raised: how was the #MeToo movement framed in the Estonian mass-media and how was the movement framed in the Riigikogu. Informed by Snow and Benford’s work on framing and social movements, frame analysis was conducted on opinion pieces collected from three news sources and minutes to the parliamentary sittings. While the theoretical background may suggest that social movements can face serious negative framing due to protest or nuisance paradigm, the findings show that the movement was framed mostly positively in Estonian mass-media. Yet, regardless of the positive media coverage, no attempts at framing the issue was found in the Riigikogu, hence it can be said that there was no significant political reaction to the movement.Item Women’s descriptive representation in the Riigikogu(Tartu Ülikool, 2017) Kivisalu, Kaidi-Lisa; Wierenga, Louis John, juhendaja; Kilp, Alar, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituutThe research on women’s political representation has emphasised the role of political, structural and cultural factors in hindering women’s access to legislative office. The perceived obstacles can be multifaceted, ranging from electoral systems and party ideology to the socio-economic situation or the prevalent traditional gender norms in a society. This thesis researches the descriptive representation in the Riigikogu, by analysing the conducted interviews with women currently in the parliament. Three main research questions were posed in this research: what are the perceived obstacles that prevent women from entering the political sphere; what do female elected representatives feel can be done to change this and whether female members of the parliament believe that they represent women’s interests. The findings show that, most respondents do not believe that they represent women’s interests. Furthermore, three types of obstacles – political, cultural and individual – are identified that hinder women’s advancement in politics. Finally, two types of strategies are put forward – formal and non-formal – to combat inequality in the political sphere.