Browsing by Author "Matrov, Denis"

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Association of Impulsivity With Food, Nutrients, and Fitness in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study
(2022) Matrov, Denis; Kurrikoff, Triin; Villa, Inga; Sakala, Katre; Pulver, Aleksander; Veidebaum, Toomas; Shimmo, Ruth; Harro, Jaanus
Background: Impulsivity is a psychiatric vulnerability factor strongly associated with substance abuse but also with unhealthy diet. Whether these associations extend to specific nutrients is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the longitudinal association between diet, cardiorespiratory fitness, and 2 impulsivity dimensions in a representative sample of south Estonian adolescents and young adults. Impulsivity and dietary intake were measured 3 times in 2 birth cohorts at regular intervals in individuals aged 15 to 33 years. Methods: The sample included 2 birth cohorts of the longitudinal Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study. The analytic sample size consisted of 2883 observations (56.4% females). The primary outcomes were adaptive and maladaptive impulsivity scores measured by an original 24-item Likert-type questionnaire. Impulsivity scores were predicted from the food diaries data converted into nutrient categories. A linear mixed-effects approach was used to model the time dependence between observations. Results: Lower maladaptive impulsivity was associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness (β = −.07; 95% CI = −0.12; −0.03). Higher maladaptive impulsivity was associated with lower dietary intake of zinc (β = −.10; −0.15; −0.06) and vegetables (β = −.04; −0.07; −0.01) and higher intake of sodium (β = .06; 0.02; 0.10). Vitamin B6 was positively associated with adaptive impulsivity (β = .04; 0.01; 0.07). Additionally, some of the adjusted models showed significant but weak associations with selenium, alcohol, fish, and cereal products. Conclusions: Food choice may affect the neurochemistry and therefore regulate the manifestations of impulsivity. We identified associations between several (micro)nutrients and maladaptive impulsivity.
Cerebral oxidative metabolism and effects of chronic variable stress in animal models of human affective styles
(2010-10-12) Matrov, Denis
Käesolevas väitekirjas vaadeldakse kaht püsivatel käitumuslikel fenotüüpidel põhinevat ja üht geneetilist loomkatsemudelit, mis on mõeldud afektiivsete protsesside kaudu haavatavamate katseloomade väljavalimiseks või tekitamiseks. Emotsionaalselt haavatavamad loomad võimaldavad valiidsemalt reprodutseerida inimese depressioonilaadset seisundit. Esimene kahel polaarsel käitumisfenotüübil põhinev loomkatsemudel on uudiskastis vähe- ja palju-uudistavad rotid ja teine on eksperimentaatori-poolse manuaalse stimulatsiooni ehk kõdistamise poolt esilekutsutud 50-kHz sagedusel esitatud ultrahelihäälitsuste hulga põhjal eristatud vähe ja palju 50-kHz sagedusel häälitsevad rotid. Kolmadaks mudeliks oli heterosügootne hiire nokautmudel, kus hiirel oli välja lülitatud vesikulaarse glutamaadi transporteri 1 (VGLUT1) geeni üks kahest alleelist. Selline manipulatsioon suurendab glutamaadi/gamma-aminovõihappe suhet kesknärvisüsteemis ja sellist endofenotüüpi on leitud ka meeleoluhäretega inimestel. Kõigis kolmes mudelis rakendati loomadele kroonilist muutlikku stressi depressiooni-laadse afektiivse seisundi esilekutsumiseks ning mõõdeti oksüdatiivset ajumetabolismi tsütokroom c oksüdaasi histokeemia abil. Vähe 50-kHz-häälitsevad isasrotid osutusid läbitestitud käitumuslikest fenotüüpidest stressi poolt enim haavatavateks. Kroonilise muutliku stressi tagajärjel arenes neil anhedoonia ning nad eelistasid passiivseid toimetulekustrateegiaid, lisaks esines neil rohkem stressijärgseid ajumetabolismi regionaalseid muutusi. Väheuudistavad rotid olid teiseks käitumuslikuks fenotüübiks, kellel esinesid mõned paljulubavad stressijärgsed käitumise muutused, kuid mitte nii selgelt, nagu vähe 50-kHz-häälitsevatel isastel. VGLUT1 geeni osalise nokaudiga hiirtel suurenes samuti anhedoonia kroonilise muutliku stressi tagajärjel ning mitmes käitumiskatses paistsid nad abitumad kui geneetiliselt muundamata hiired. Emaste rottide kroonilise muutliku stressi taluvusvõime oli käitumiskatsetes suurem võrreldes isastega ning neil esines ka vähem stressijärgseid ajumetabolismi regionaalseid
Cholecystokinin B receptor gene polymorphism (rs2941026) is associated with anxious personality and suicidal thoughts in a longitudinal study
(2022) Lvovs, Aneth; Matrov, Denis; Kurrikoff, Triin; Veidebaum, Toomas; Harro, Jaanus
Objectives: Cholecystokinin is a neuropeptide with a role in the neurobiology of adaptive behaviour that is implicated in anxiety disorders, while the underlying mechanisms currently remain insufficiently explained. The rs2941026 variation in the cholecystokinin B receptor gene has previously been associated with trait anxiety. Our aim was to investigate associations between the CCKB receptor gene polymorphism rs2941026 with anxiety, personality, depressiveness and suicidality in a longitudinal study of late adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: We used reports on trait and state anxiety, depressiveness and suicidal thoughts, as well as Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales, from the two birth cohorts of the Estonian Children Personality, Behaviour and Health Study. We measured associations between the CCKBR gene rs2941026 and anxiety-related phenotypes both longitudinally and cross-sectionally at ages 15, 18, 25 and 33. Results: Homozygosity for both alleles of the CCKBR rs2941026 was associated with higher trait and state anxiety in the longitudinal analysis. Cross-sectional comparisons were statistically significant at ages 18 and 25 for trait anxiety and at ages 25 and 33 for state anxiety. Higher depressiveness and suicidal thoughts were associated with the A/A genotype at age 18. Additionally, homozygosity for the A-allele was related to higher FEAR and SADNESS in the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales. The genotype effects were more apparent in females, who displayed higher levels of negative affect overall. Conclusions: CCKBR genotype is persistently associated with negative affect in adolescence and young adulthood. The association of the CCKBR rs2941026 genotype with anxiety-related phenotypes is more pronounced in females.