Sirvi Autor "Terry, George Spencer, juhendaja" järgi

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Bordering and de-bordering: the Russian speaking community in Estonia
(Tartu Ülikool, 2022) Siva, Sami; Makarychev, Andrey, juhendaja; Terry, George Spencer, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituut
The Purpose of this MA thesis is to explain the nuances between those communities that live along the borders of Estonia & Russia and Estonia & Latvia. The connecting thread between these communities is that they are divided by the international borders and yet share family and/or cultural ties across the border. Moreover, they are different in the ways in which they are integrated into the Estonian socio-cultural milieu. Therefore, this research aims to explain the difference between these communities and how nuances in bordering and de-bordering practices of these communities influence the security narratives of Estonia. Methodology of this work is grounded on an ethnographic study of these communities using photographs and text as research material. I use visual autoethnographic studies, which is entrenched in the positionality of the researcher (Bleiker, 2019) as a participant and a witness and thus explain things that are unseen. Photographs from the fieldwork are used in conjunction with the words of the members of the community. Therefore, from a methodological perspective, in this study, I aim to explore the possibilities of using photographs in political science research. From a conceptual standpoint, in this thesis I utilize three different pillars: social constructivism, hegemony, and cultural semiotics to analyze the empirical data - interviews and photographs - obtained from the fieldwork to explain the nuances in social-cultural practices of these communities situated on the borderlands of Estonia.
“Communism” as an empty signifier in the rhetoric of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) party in Poland
(Tartu Ülikool, 2024) Liapin, Ilia; Mach, Zdzisław, juhendaja; Terry, George Spencer, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituut
The thesis is going to utilize discursive approach and Essex school of discourse analysis and analyse the discourse of Polish populist far-right leaders. The main hypothesis is that in the Polish political discourse, due to certain historical premises and state policies (especially in the area of memory and remembrance) the far-right in their discourse utilize the concept of communism\anticommunism as an empty signifier. I will analyse the speeches of the most prominent PiS members and trace the following markers to prove that it is indeed an empty signifier: Lack of Fixed Meaning, Polysemy, Contextual Dependency, Ideological Investment, Shifting or Contested Meanings, Ambiguity and Indeterminacy.
David against Goliath à la Polonaise. Opposition responding strategies towards populist right-wing Law and Justice in rule-of-law debates 2015-2023
(Tartu Ülikool, 2024) Gnoińska, Ania Irena; Styczyńska, Natasza, juhendaja; Terry, George Spencer, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituut
In the Polish case of recent right-wing populism, this thesis pioneered opposition response strategies of two established and assumed non-populist opposition actors, PO (KO) and SLD, towards populist right-wing incumbent PiS. Perceiving of populism as a political style that features an appeal to ‘the people’ versus ‘the elite’, ‘bad manners’ and the performance of crisis, breakdown or threat (Moffitt, 2016b: 45), the two research questions sought to answer were what strategies PO employed to respond to the populist right-wing PiS in rule-of-law debates in the Sejm 2015-2019, and what strategies KO and the SLD employed to respond to the populist right-wing PiS in rule-of-law debates 2019-2023. Defining party strategies as results-orientated constructs of political actors that bear on crosssituational goal-means-environment calculations (Raschke & Tils, 2011: 56-57), PO (KO)’s and SLD’s strategies were analysed employing the party response typology by Albertazzi et al. (2021). The analysis was conducted as a qualitative content analysis of opposition statements in 16 randomly chosen rule-of-law debates in the Sejm between November 2015 and July 2023. The analysis found a strategy pattern (clashing, co-optation, cooperation, other strategies) displayed by both PO (KO) and SLD. Both parties revealed a populist behaviour perpetuated by qua actor co-optation of PiS. While PO (KO) showed a distinct populist behaviour itself, SLD appeared more moderate mediating the duopoly between PO (KO) and PiS. These findings suggest that Polish party competition is not a contestation between non-populists and populists. Co-optation of strategy becomes crucial for opposition actors responding to a populist incumbent.