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Eesti teatrite riigieelarveline rahastamine 2009. ja 2010. aasta languse taustal
(Tartu Ülikool, 2012) Triinu, Lukas; Toomla, Rein, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Riigiteaduste instituut
The Governments program for years 2011–2015 provides the renewal of the Fundamentals of the Estonian cultural policy. Consequently there are shortcomings in the current theatre system, which need to be revised. The problems come forth at the most difficult times. Reading articles from time of the biggest drop in state subsidizing of theatres in 2010, there is one circumstance, which comes forth – the opinion of the arbitrary operating officials and politicians who act in the field of subsidizing theatres from state budget. Therefore, at the present work, the author wishes to examine these accusitions by close examination of the Estonian theatre system, highlighting the occuring problems forthcoming in the period of recession in 2009 and 2010 and offering solutions. For the cause, the author uses mainly three different types of sources: the legal basis of the financing of theatres in the first chapter; theatre interest groups opinions in media, concerning the facts and problems about the recession of theatres subsidizing in the second chapter; theories of funding the culture and examples at the global context in the third chapter. The study revealed following aspects of the financing of Estonian theatres during the crisis: 1) Theatres state subsidize is mostly based on the declarative level agreements, which makes possible the arbitrary action of officers and politicians, who are responsible for financing theatres from state budget. Theatre interest groups have no other grounds for challenging those decisions than to refer to the promises made, due to their incapability to refer to the violations of the law. The problem could be solved by strenghtening the legal framework of subsidizing theatres from state budgets, which would ensure theatre interest group protection in the matter of unjust state subsidizing. 2) The AITA system, not fixed by the law, makes it possible for politicians and officials to create values arbitrary within AITA system. Therefore legitimation of the AITA system would help. 3) Estonia, with its culture financing system belongs among the Architect States, which are prevalent in Europe. The Architect state funds the fine arts through a Ministry of Culture. Which tends to support arts not by professional standards but rather the majority of people. In case of Estonia this is eased by the Cultural Endowment of Estonia, which role in subsidizing theatres could be increased. 4) The scarcity of the lobby among theatre interest group effaces their opinion on the legislative level of planning theatre subsidies. It would be useful to increase that matter. 5) The fact of marginalisation of culture and theatres was implemented by bigger recession in the case of subsidizing theatres from the state budget compared to other fields. The solution in that case would be strenghtening the position of culture in the society. That would be promoted by the elections of keen ministers of culture in the head of the field of the culture.
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Public sector real estate asset management models and their evaluation
(2014-11-18) Kask, Kaia
Kuigi riigi omanduses on märkimisväärsel hulgal hoonestatud kinnisvara, ei kuulu kinnisvaraga tegelemine – selle haldamine, hooldamine ning muud taolised tegevusalad – riigi kui institutsiooni peamiste funktsioonide hulka. Seetõttu tuleb valitsusel seista hea selle eest, et kinnisvaraalane tegevus koormaks võimalikult vähe riigiameteid tema peamiste funktsioonide täitmise juures ning samaaegselt avaldaks võimalikult minimaalset fiskaalmõju riigieelarvele ning valitsussektori tasakaaluarvestusele. Sellest tulenevalt seati doktoritöö eesmärgiks riigi keskvalitsuse kinnisvara varajuhtimisega seotud mudelite loomine ning nende kvantitatiivne hindamine, tuues välja erinevate varajuhtimise mudelite fiskaalmõjud, mille suuruse hindamine aitaks viia parima riigi kinnisvara halduskorraldust puudutava praktilise lahenduseni. Uuringu raames käsitleti mudelina tea¬tud kvalitatiivsete tunnuste kogumit, võttes aluseks kinnisvara oma-niku, haldaja ning pinna kasutaja. Enne mudelipõhise empiirilise analüüsi läbiviimist loodi teoreetilis-metoodiline raamistik avaliku sektori kinnisvara varajuhtimismudelite väljatöötamiseks, võttes arvesse senist avalikku sektorit käsitlevat kinnisvaraalast erialakirjandust. Rahavoogudel põhineva eritasandilise kvantitatiivse fiskaalmõjude analüüsi tulemusena selgus, et kõikide hinnatud avaliku sektori kinnisvara varajuhtimismudelite fiskaalmõju nii riigieelarvele kui ka valitsussektori tasakaaluarvestusele on vaadeldud 30-aastase prognoosiperioodi jooksul negatiivne. Arvestades varajuhtimismudelite diskonteeritud rahavoolisi fiskaalmõju tulemusi, osutus eriotstarbeliste varade osas vähimat negatiivset rahavoogu genereerivaks varajuhtimismudeliks riigi poolt vahendatud tsentraliseeritud avaliku sektori kinnisvara omamis- ja haldamisvorm. Üldotstarbeliste varajuhtimismudelite üle otsuse langetamisel selgus uudse tulemusena, kuivõrd oluliseks osutuvad fiskaalmõjude hindamise seisukohast empiiriliste lähteandmetena kasutatud tururentide ning nendes sisalduvate komponentide suurus koos prognoositavate kasvumääradega. Väitekirjas käsitletud uuring näitas esmakordselt, et fiskaalmõjude hindamine ning riigi tasemel kinnisvaraalaste otuste tegemine varajuhtimismudelite põhiselt on võimalik, kuid samas äärmiselt kompleksne tegevus.
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The cyclical conduct of Estonian fiscal policy
(Tartu Ülikool, 2014) Punga, Lauri; Trasberg, Viktor, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Majandusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Rahvamajanduse instituut
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The democracy of European fiscal consolidation: reform governments in Greece, Ireland and Italy
(Tartu Ülikooli Euroopa kolledž, 2015) Pipal, Christian; Pettai, Vello, juhendaja; Braghiroli, Stefano, juhendaja
Are technocratic governments the reformers of last resort? And why are they appointed? Facing the ongoing European debt crisis, some countries choose to put technocrats into reform government offices, while others are able to reform their markets and fiscal structure within regularly elected governments. What differentiates these technocratic from non-technocratic governments in terms of origins and reform efforts? And are technocratic government compositions more able to implement complex market and fiscal reforms in a short period of time when facing difficult institutional settings? In order to answer these questions, this research follows an institutional approach along rational choice theory and the concept of varieties of capitalism. A comparative study of the political economy of Greece, Ireland and Italy examines the different underpinnings that build-up to these reform governments and shows how reform efforts and forms of reform governments, understood as being either partisan or non-partisan composed, vary between different varieties of capitalism. The findings provides evidence that the varieties of capitalism configuration, and the embedded features of economic and political institutions, influence the incentives for counties to appoint technocratic governments when facing an economic crisis, thus advancing an existing model that describes the likelihood of