Läänemere aluse balti klindi geoloogiast Hiiumaa ja Gotska Sandoni vahelisel alal seismilise pidevsondeerimise andmetel

Abstract

One of our Northern Nature’s most impressive and outstanding, monumental landmarks is the Baltic Klint. The Baltic Klint (escarpment) first appears in the western part of Öland Island, runs across the Baltic Sea and edges the northern coast of Estonia for nearly 300 km where it is certainly the most impressive part of the shore. From the south coast of the Gulf of Finland, approximately 1200 km long Baltic Klint is traceable almost all the way to the vicinities of Lake Ladoga. In the present work will be the Baltic Klint, consisting of several slightly sloping sections with occasional vertical escarpments, “Baltic Klint complex” in the Baltic Sea, between Gotska Sandön and Hiiumaa studied and described. In this part the Baltic Klint is least studied. In the early nineties of the last century were in the region shot a dense net of high-resolution seismic profiles, intersecting the Baltic Klint. In the current thesis those profiles will be used to take a closer look at the geology and morphology of the submarine Baltic Klint in the eastern part of the northern Baltic Proper. However, all the questions related to the submarine Baltic Klint would find neither in this nor in the following publications their answers, because of the broad range of issues. Thus, it should be done much more research work for the appearance of comprehensive geological scientific publications covering the Baltic Klint.

Üks meie põhjamaise looduse kaunimaid ja muljetavaldavamaid maastikuvorme on Ida–Euroopa lauskmaa loodeosas paiknev Balti klint. Rootsi ranniku lähedalt algava ja üle Läänemere ning Eesti põhjaranniku Venemaa Laadoga järve lõunakaldani ulatuva Balti klindi pikkus on ligi 1200 km. Sellest ühele poole jääb valdavalt kristalsetest kivimitest koosnev Fennoskandia kilp, teisele poole settekivimitest koosnev Ida- Euroopa platvorm. Pea kahe sajandi vältel on mitmed autorid uurinud Balti klindiga seonduvaid probleeme. Kuid siiani on lahtiseks jäänud mõned küsimused seoses Läänemerealuse Balti klindi täpse kulgemise ja morfoloogiaga. Samuti on ebaselged mitmed asjaolud Balti klindi tekkeloos. Tuginedes rikkalikule seismoakustilisele andmestikule, püütakse käesolevas töös avada Balti klindi Läänemere aluse osa morfoloogilist tausta. Kuid peab mainima, et kõik küsimused ei leia ei selles töös ega ka tõenäoliselt mitmetes järgmiste autorite poolt ilmuvates publikatsioonides oma vastuseid, kuna problemaatika on suhteliselt laia mahuline. Seega on Balti klindi kõike hõlmava geoloogilise materjali ilmumiseks vaja ära teha veel hulk uurimistööd.