Temporomandibular joint diagnostic imaging in relation to pain, bone characteristics. Long-term results of arthroscopic treatment
Date
2013-04-09
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Abstract
Tegemist on esimese uuringuga Eestis, kus on hinnatud valu/ebamugavustunnet temporomandibulaarliigeses (TML-is), radioloogiliste nähtude seost luumarkerite- (P1NP, CTX-1) ja D-vitamiiniga (25(OH)D) ning nende mõju igapäevasele elukvaliteedile. Analüüsiti ka TML artroskoopia kaugtulemusi Eesti elanikel. Üldpopulatioonis on leitud, et 28% -l inimestst esinevad kaebused TML poolt. Meie uuringus ilmnesid kaebused TML poolt 47% vabatahtlikest. Enam levinud kaebusteks oli valu, palpatoorne hellus ja krepitatsioon, raskused suu avamisel ning üldine liigutuste piiratus. TML häired halvendavad patsientide igapäevase tegevusega toimetulekut (ADL), nagu rääkimine, söömine ja sotsiaalne elu. Personaalselt hinnatud ADL väärtused mängivad tähtsat rolli TML haiguste ennetamises ja kulus.
Alalõualuuliigese radioloogilised nähud on hästi hinnatavad ortopantomogrammil (OPTG-l). Enam esines liigesepähiku erosioone, lamenemist ja osteofüüte.
Uuringu tulemustest saab järeldada, et valu/ebamugavustunne alalõualuuliigeses on seotud luutihedusega ja madala 25(OH)D tasemega. Leidsime, et TML valu korral on suu avamine piiratud, on häiritud söömine, neelamine, sportimine. OPTG on primaarne meetod alalõualuu struktuuri, sh. luutiheduse, alveolaarluu kõrguse, korteksi paksuse, TML kuju muutuste, hammaskonna patoloogia hindamiseks. Selgus, et TML radioloogilised muutused ja okludeerivate hammaste arv on tihedalt seotud madala luutihedusega ja 25(OH)D madala tasemega.
Artroskoopia, andes põhjaliku ülevaate liigese sisemusest, võimaldab vabastada ja eemaldada adhesioonid, fibrillatsioonid, silendada liigesepinnad jne. Postoperatiivselt paranes suu avamine, vähenes valu ja taandusid TML düsfunktsioonid.Kaugtulemuste analüüsist selgus, et artroskoopia on efektiivne meetod TML haiguste ravis.
This thesis is the first population-based study describing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain/discomfort impact on activities of daily living (ADL) in relation to the TMJ radiographic changes and bone markers (P1NP, CTX-1) and vitamin D (25(OH)D). A long-term results of arthroscopic surgery of the TMJ disorders are analysed. It is found that 28% of the adult population have signs of TMJ. In our population based study 47% subjects had TMJ problems where pain is commonly accompanied by stiffness, sounds and functional limitations with result in a decreased quality of life, and thus exert a significant negative impact on ADL. Assessment of individual ADL is important in the evaluation of TMJ disorders. Orthopantomograph (OPTG) is commonly used for assessment of bone changes in the TMJ. The OPTGs were evaluated for presence of radiographic signs of bone structural changes as erosions, flattening and osteophytes of the condyle and temporal bone. We found that pain/discomfort is related to the biochemical markers of bone turnover and 25(OH)D level. Several functions of daily activities such as eating, swallowing, exercising and social life are the most disturbed. TMJ radiographic changes and teeth loss seems to be related to the low level of BMD and 25(OH)D level. Fibrillations and fibrous adhesions are the most usual pathological signs of arthroscopic findings in TMJ. Arthroscopic releasing of these restrictive bands improves the joint mobility and contributes to reducing pain level. The results of arthroscopy offered favourable long-term stable results with regard to improved mouth opening and reducing pain and dysfunction.
This thesis is the first population-based study describing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain/discomfort impact on activities of daily living (ADL) in relation to the TMJ radiographic changes and bone markers (P1NP, CTX-1) and vitamin D (25(OH)D). A long-term results of arthroscopic surgery of the TMJ disorders are analysed. It is found that 28% of the adult population have signs of TMJ. In our population based study 47% subjects had TMJ problems where pain is commonly accompanied by stiffness, sounds and functional limitations with result in a decreased quality of life, and thus exert a significant negative impact on ADL. Assessment of individual ADL is important in the evaluation of TMJ disorders. Orthopantomograph (OPTG) is commonly used for assessment of bone changes in the TMJ. The OPTGs were evaluated for presence of radiographic signs of bone structural changes as erosions, flattening and osteophytes of the condyle and temporal bone. We found that pain/discomfort is related to the biochemical markers of bone turnover and 25(OH)D level. Several functions of daily activities such as eating, swallowing, exercising and social life are the most disturbed. TMJ radiographic changes and teeth loss seems to be related to the low level of BMD and 25(OH)D level. Fibrillations and fibrous adhesions are the most usual pathological signs of arthroscopic findings in TMJ. Arthroscopic releasing of these restrictive bands improves the joint mobility and contributes to reducing pain level. The results of arthroscopy offered favourable long-term stable results with regard to improved mouth opening and reducing pain and dysfunction.
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Keywords
alalõualiiges, piltdiagnostika, valu (med.), luukude, biomarkerid, artroskoopia, jaw joint, clinical imaging, pain, bone tissue, arthroscopy, biomarkers