Institutionalisation of knowledge-based policy design and better regulation principles in Estonian draft legislation
Date
2018-11-15
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Abstract
Eesti pöördus pärast iseseisvuse taastamist (1991) Läände tagasi ühinedes EL-iga (2004) ja OECD-ga (2010). Selle pöörde kontekstis keskendub mu eri sotsioloogia harusid lõimiv doktoritöö õigusriigi põhimõtete rakendamisele Eesti õigus-, siseturvalisus- ja korruptsiooni-poliitikates. Töö põhineb viiele publikatsioonile aastatest 2003-2018.
Töö eesmärk on analüüsida nii teoreetilises kui empiirilises vaates vastuolu õigus(loom)e normide ja ametiisikute käitumise vahel, selgitada teadmistepõhise poliitika/õiguse kujundamise takistusi ja teha lahenduste leidmiseks uuringu- ja poliitikasoovitusi.
Nii poliitika- ja õiguseloome uuringud (I–II, V) kui ka korruptsiooni uuringud (III–IV) aitavad tõendada, kuivõrd ministeeriumid järgivad õigusloome norme mõjude hindamise, viitamise ja kaasamise osas, ning milline on õiguspoliitika suundade (2011) mõju otsustusrutiinidele. Soov on mõista, miks sotsiaalteaduste info on lünklik ja millised eeldused vajavad tugevdamist, et seaduseelnõude mõjusid ühiskonnale, ettevõtetele ja loodusele hinnataks. Olen uurinud neid küsimusi 12 institutsionaalse eelduse, poliitikatsükli 6 etapi ja korruptsiooni sotsiaalse kontrolli 4 dimensiooni kaudu.
Tulemused. Teooriapeatükk hõlmab sotsioloogilisi õiguse, teaduse, demokraatia, riskiühiskonna ja sotsiaalse kontrolli teooriate, samuti poliitökonoomia ja institutsiooniteooria rakendusi. Empiirilised andmed tõendavad edusamme õigusloome mõjude hindamise rutiinides (nt 2009-15 valitsuse ‘õigusloomekuulekuse’ kasv 18%); demokraatia defitsiiti EL-is; õigus- ja siseturvalisuspoliitikate nõrka sidet; positiivseid trende teadmistepõhise õiguspoliitika institutsionaalsetes eeldustes (küsitlused); samuti korruptsiooni kontrolli taseme seoseid poliitilise eliidi, teadlaste, meedia ning vabakonna rollide ja õigusloome rutiinidega.
Kokkuvõttes, kuigi mu uuringud tõendavad positiivseid muutusi, on vastuolu modernsete õigusnormide ja nende täitmise vahel üsna suur - teadmistepõhise õigusloome institutsioonide tugevdamist tuleb jätkata.
Doktoritöös esitatud seniste uuringute tulemused võtab kokku mu haiku: ...sõna on antud /
teaduspõhine õigus /
tulgu, aga ei...
Estonia returned to the Western world after the restoration of its independence in 1991 and joined the EU in 2004 and the OECD in 2010. In this context, my dissertation focuses on the institutionalisation of the OECD/EU good governance, the rule of law, and better regulation principles in Estonian legislative, internal security, and anti-corruption policies 2003-2018. The aim of research is to analyse the gap between the modern rule of law and the social facts of rules recognition and better regulation, to identify problems, and to provide some study and policy recommendations. Main research questions are: to what extent do the ministries follow the rules of law-making in the categories of impact assessment, research references, and civic engagement; what is the impact of the legislative policy strategy (2011) on the ministerial law-making routines; which kind of institutional pre-conditions may support the deviation of officials from the rules of law; and why do regulatory strategies tend to fail? The results provide some new information reflecting the Estonian transition from the Soviet regime to liberal open-access democracy. The review of theories includes the implications of sociological theories of law, democracy, risk society and social control, as well as the implications of institutional theory and political economy. The empirical evidence is related to the institutionalisation of the better regulation measures in the ministries (content analysis of explanatory memoranda of draft acts 2007-2015); democratic deficit in the transposition of EU legal acts; weak link between legal policy and internal security policy; positive trends, but still insufficient institutional preconditions for knowledge-based policy-/law-making (eSurveys); and the control of corruption studies explored the links between such topics as the role of the political elite, free press, civil society and better regulation transparency toolbox. To sum up, my dissertation shows that institution building for knowledge-based legislative, internal security and anti-corruption policies must continue. The results of studies are in brief expressed in my haiku: ...the word is given / science-based law-making / must come, but not...
Estonia returned to the Western world after the restoration of its independence in 1991 and joined the EU in 2004 and the OECD in 2010. In this context, my dissertation focuses on the institutionalisation of the OECD/EU good governance, the rule of law, and better regulation principles in Estonian legislative, internal security, and anti-corruption policies 2003-2018. The aim of research is to analyse the gap between the modern rule of law and the social facts of rules recognition and better regulation, to identify problems, and to provide some study and policy recommendations. Main research questions are: to what extent do the ministries follow the rules of law-making in the categories of impact assessment, research references, and civic engagement; what is the impact of the legislative policy strategy (2011) on the ministerial law-making routines; which kind of institutional pre-conditions may support the deviation of officials from the rules of law; and why do regulatory strategies tend to fail? The results provide some new information reflecting the Estonian transition from the Soviet regime to liberal open-access democracy. The review of theories includes the implications of sociological theories of law, democracy, risk society and social control, as well as the implications of institutional theory and political economy. The empirical evidence is related to the institutionalisation of the better regulation measures in the ministries (content analysis of explanatory memoranda of draft acts 2007-2015); democratic deficit in the transposition of EU legal acts; weak link between legal policy and internal security policy; positive trends, but still insufficient institutional preconditions for knowledge-based policy-/law-making (eSurveys); and the control of corruption studies explored the links between such topics as the role of the political elite, free press, civil society and better regulation transparency toolbox. To sum up, my dissertation shows that institution building for knowledge-based legislative, internal security and anti-corruption policies must continue. The results of studies are in brief expressed in my haiku: ...the word is given / science-based law-making / must come, but not...
Description
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone
Keywords
knowledge based society, politics, legislative process, Estonia