Advances in the development of a point-of-care mass spectrometer test
Failid
Kuupäev
2020-07-14
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Antud töö raames arendati patsiendilähedasi analüüsmetoodikaid, mis võimaldaksid diagnoosida haigusi varases faasis ja seda juba esmasel meditsiinilisel läbivaatusel. Lisaks sellele ka määrata ravimite kontsentratsiooni patsientide proovidest, et nende ravi personaliseerida. Kasutades massispektrimeerit detekteerimiseks, saab ühe ja sama seadmega määrata samaaegselt mitut näitajat, samas kui hetkel olemasolevad testid keskenduvad peamiselt vaid ühele analüüdile korraga.
Töö raames arendatud uus meetod Sponge Spray Ionisation kasutab mahtabsorbeeriva proovivõtuseadme ja massispektromeetri kombinatsiooni eeliseid ning võimaldab proove analüüsida ilma prooviettevalmistuseta. Proovivõtuseade võimaldas fikseeritud väikseid ruumalasid verd, plasmat ja uriini otse analüüsida nii kuivalt kui ka märjalt ning töös mõõdeti metoodika abil bioloogilistest proovidest penitsilliin G ja opioidi metadoon kontsentratsiooni. Mõõtmised teostati lühikesed aja jooksul (5 minutit).
Olulisemad puudused seadme praeguses arengufaasis olid ebapiisav tundlikkus, korratavus ja puudulik automatiseeritavus. Töö raames arutleti ka analüüdi avastamispiiri kui eksperimentaalselt määratud parameetri kasutamise võimalikkuse ja kasu üle bioanalüütiliste määramismetoodikate valideerimisel.
Lisaks eelnevale töötati töö raames välja ka traditsioonilised laboripõhised metoodikad haiguste diagnoosimiseks biomarkerite abil ja kiireks tablettide analüüsiks sündmuskohal. Biomarkerite sisalduse määramise metoodika aitas haruldase mitokondriaalse neurogastrointestinaalse entsefalomüopaatia haiguse diagnoosimist. Teine määramismetoodika rakendati ecstasy tablettide mõõtmiseks kõigest 36 sekundiga. Viimane metoodika oli vajalik selleks, et uurida nii ecstasy kogust tablettidest ja käitumist inimkehas kui ka määrati potentsiaalselt muid ohtlikke narkootikume ja ravimeid, mida ecstasy tablettidesse pannakse. Võimaluses määrata paljude erinevate kemikaalide ja biomarkerite sisaldusi piiratud proovikoguses peitubki massispektromeetri tõeline tugevus. Võimaluses määrata paljude erinevate kemikaalide ja biomarkerite sisaldusi piiratud proovikoguses peitubki massispektromeetri tõeline tugevus. Seda kontseptsiooni rakendatakse tulevikus toetudes käesolevas töös tehtud eeltööle selle eesmärgi suunas.
To improve the early diagnosis of diseases at the medical examination, as well as to safeguard patients taking strong medication through therapeutic drug monitoring, an on-site testing method was developed and evaluated. By using mass spectrometry as means of detection, one device could be used to determine multiple parameters. Currently available tests are mostly specific to one analyte at a time The method, labelled Sponge Spray Ionisation, combines the benefits of volumetric absorptive microsampling devices with the selectivity of a mass spectrometer, even without the need to prepare the sample. By collecting a small fixed volume of blood, plasma or urine and analysing it in a dry or wet state, the concentration of the antibiotic penicillin G and the opioid methadone could be estimated in as little as 5 minutes. The largest drawbacks of the test in its current state of development were insufficient sensitivity and not fully implemented automation to improve reproducibility. The use and benefit of the limit of detection as an experimentally established parameter during bioanalytical method validation was discussed. Furthermore, traditional laboratory-based methods for future adoption towards point-of-care test were developed. One was used to diagnose the rare MNGIE-disease and a second to rapidly test recreational ecstasy tablets in only 36 seconds. To investigate potentially harmful drugs added to ecstasy tablets, a large panel of over 100 drugs was measured within a single analysis run on a miniaturised mass spectrometer. The possibility to quantify many different chemicals and biomarkers from a limited sample is the true strength of mass spectrometry and should be exploited further in future
To improve the early diagnosis of diseases at the medical examination, as well as to safeguard patients taking strong medication through therapeutic drug monitoring, an on-site testing method was developed and evaluated. By using mass spectrometry as means of detection, one device could be used to determine multiple parameters. Currently available tests are mostly specific to one analyte at a time The method, labelled Sponge Spray Ionisation, combines the benefits of volumetric absorptive microsampling devices with the selectivity of a mass spectrometer, even without the need to prepare the sample. By collecting a small fixed volume of blood, plasma or urine and analysing it in a dry or wet state, the concentration of the antibiotic penicillin G and the opioid methadone could be estimated in as little as 5 minutes. The largest drawbacks of the test in its current state of development were insufficient sensitivity and not fully implemented automation to improve reproducibility. The use and benefit of the limit of detection as an experimentally established parameter during bioanalytical method validation was discussed. Furthermore, traditional laboratory-based methods for future adoption towards point-of-care test were developed. One was used to diagnose the rare MNGIE-disease and a second to rapidly test recreational ecstasy tablets in only 36 seconds. To investigate potentially harmful drugs added to ecstasy tablets, a large panel of over 100 drugs was measured within a single analysis run on a miniaturised mass spectrometer. The possibility to quantify many different chemicals and biomarkers from a limited sample is the true strength of mass spectrometry and should be exploited further in future
Kirjeldus
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone
Märksõnad
near patient test, mass spectrometry