The prevalence and risk factors of rosacea. Subjective disease perception of rosacea patients

Abstract

Rosaatsea on punetuse ja vistrikega kulgev krooniline näonaha haigus. Käesoleva töö eesmärkideks oli leida rosaatsea levimus Eesti üldrahvastikus, haiguse riskitegurid ning hinnata patsientide subjektiivset haigustunnetust sõltuvalt nende haiguskäitumisest. Uurimisgrupi moodustasid 348 juhuslikult valitud 30-77 aastast isikut üldrahvastiku hulgast ning 92 järjestikust rosaatsea tõttu dermatoloogile pöördunud patsienti vanuses 30-81 aastat. Rosaatsea sümptomite hindamiseks kasutati NRSEC (National Rosacea Society Expert Committee) diagnoosikriteeriume. Riskitegureid hinnati uuritavate poolt täidetud küsimustike alusel ja H. pylori antikehade võrdlemisel vereproovides. Depressiivsete sümptomite hindamiseks kasutati enesehinnangulist meelolu skaalat (EMS) ja subjektiivse haigustunnetuse hindamiseks visuaal-analoog-skaalat (VAS). Töö tulemused näitasid, et rosaatsea levimus Eestis ≥30-aastaste isikute hulgas on 22%, mis on kõrgem, kui senini arvatud. Rosaatsea riskiteguriteks on perekondlik eelsoodumus, päikesetundlik nahatüüp ja vanem iga. Rosaatsea raskemate vormide kujunemist soodustavad töötamine välitingimustes ning suitsetamine minevikus. Rosaatsea seos H. pylori infektsiooniga kinnitust ei leidnud. Rosaatseahaigete subjektiivne haigustunnetus ei ole seotud haiguse raskusastmega. Subjektiivselt kõrgem haigustunnetus esineb naistel ja raviasutusse pöördunud isikutel. Depressiivseid sümptome esineb sagedamini kõrgema subjektiivse haigustunnetusega patsientide hulgas.

Rosacea is chronic skin condition characterized by redness, papules and pustules on the face. The aims of current study were to determine the prevalence rate of rosacea in general population in Estonia, to find risk factors of rosacea, and to observe the subjective disease perception in relation to the patients’ healthcare-seeking behaviour. The study group consisted of 348 randomly selected 30-77-year-old persons from general population and of 92 consecutive rosacea patients in age 30-81 years attended to dermatologist. For evaluating of rosacea symptoms the NRSEC (National Rosacea Society Expert Committee) diagnostic criteria were used. For assessing risk factors of rosacea a self-administered questionnaire and H. pylori antibodies detection in blood samples were used. Estonian Mood Scale (EMS) questionnaire was used for screening of depressive symptoms and visual-analogue-scale (VAS) was used for measuring of subjective disease perception. The results of current study show that the prevalence rate of rosacea is 22% among ≥30-year-old population in Estonia, that is higher than previously expected. Risk factors of rosacea are familial predisposition, sun-reactive skin type, and advanced age. Outdoor working conditions and previous smoking are the risk factors for advanced forms of rosacea. No evidence is found that rosacea is associated with exposition to H. pylori infection. Subjective disease perception of rosacea patients is not associated with the severity of the rosacea. Higher subjective disease perception was recorded among women and among healtcare-seeking study subjects. The presence of depressive symptoms is higher among rosacea patients with higher subjective disease perception.