Epidemiology of primary headaches in Estonia and applicability of web-based solutions in headache epidemiology research
Kuupäev
2020-09-14
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Esmased peavalud on heterogeenne grupp haigusi, mille hulka kuuluvad migreen, pingetüüpi peavalu, trigeminaalautonoomsed tsefalalgiad ning muud esmased peavalud. Esmased peavalud põhjustavad olulist elukvaliteedi langust ja mõjutavad rahvatervist ning ühiskonda. Kõikide esmaste peavalude keskmine aastane levimus Euroopas on 53%, migreenil 14,7% ja pingetüüpi peavalul 62,6%. Eesti kohta ei ole esmaste peavalude levimuse andmeid varem avaldatud.
Rahvastikupõhised epidemioloogilised uuringud on ressursi- ning ajakulukad. Samas loob praegune kiire digiühiskonna areng eeldused veebipõhistele meetoditele, mis võimaldaksid nende uuringute ressursimahtu vähendada.
Antud uurimustöö eesmärgiks oli esmaste peavalude diagnostilise küsimustiku koostamine ning testimine, esmaste peavalude aastase levimuse määramine 20-64 aastaste täiskasvanute seas Eestis ning veebipõhise lahenduse kohaldatavuse hindamine peavalude epidemioloogilises uurimistöös.
Tulemused näitavad, et esmaste peavalude aastased levimused Eesti täiskasvanute seas on sarnased teiste Euroopa riikidega, välja arvatud episoodilise pingetüüpi peavalu osas, mille madal levimus antud uuringus on suure tõenäosusega alahinnatud. Seega on esmased peavalud Eestiski oluliseks haigestumise ja elukvaliteedi languse põhjuseks. Veebipõhine peavalualane epidemioloogiline teadustöö tuleb arvesse kui potentsiaalne aja- ja ressursisäästlik meetod riikides, kus internetirakenduste kasutamine on rahvastikus laialt levinud. Selline lähenemine võimaldab koguda suuri uuringuvalimeid suhteliselt lühikese aja jooksul. Lisaks pakuvad IT-lahendused uuritavate tuvastusviise, mis väldivad andmete kontaminatsiooni, ning tööriistu digitaalsete küsimustike näol, mis suudavad erinevaid peavaludiagnoose rahuldavalt eristada. Edasine uurimistöö on vajalik, et leida usaldusväärseid veebipõhise valimi moodustamise ning uuritavate värbamise viise, et saavutada esinduslikke valimeid ja vältida tulemuste kallutatust.
Primary headaches are a group of heterogenous disorders that consist of migraine, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalagias and other primary headaches. These disorders cause considerable loss of quality of life and have a remarkable socioeconomic impact. The mean 1-year prevalence of all headaches in Europe is 53%, of migraine 14.7% and of tension-type headache 62.6%. The prevalence of primary headaches in Estonia has not been studied before. Traditional epidemiological studies are resource- and time-consuming. However, wide usage of internet in the population creates a possibility for applying web-based methods in headache epidemiological research that can be more resource-saving. The aim of this study was to compile and test a headache diagnostic questionnaire, to determine the 1-year prevalence of primary headaches among 20-64 year olds in Estonia and to evaluate the applicability of web-based surveys in epidemiological studies of primary headaches. The results show that the 1-year prevalences of primary headaches in Estonia are similar to other European countries, except for tension-type headache. The low prevalence of tension-type headache in this study is most probably an underestimation. This implies that primary headaches in Estonia are an important cause of morbidity as well as a prominent socioeconomic burden. It can be concluded, that online headache research may be a time- and resource efficient alternative in IT-developed countries. In addition to obtaining larger study samples in relatively short time periods, the IT solutions can provide participant identification methods that avoid data contamination and are able to distinguish most primary headache disorders sufficiently. However, further research is needed to find more reliable methods of online access and engagement to gain representative samples and overcome the pitfalls of bias and most probably underestimation of headache prevalence in web-based epidemiological research.
Primary headaches are a group of heterogenous disorders that consist of migraine, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalagias and other primary headaches. These disorders cause considerable loss of quality of life and have a remarkable socioeconomic impact. The mean 1-year prevalence of all headaches in Europe is 53%, of migraine 14.7% and of tension-type headache 62.6%. The prevalence of primary headaches in Estonia has not been studied before. Traditional epidemiological studies are resource- and time-consuming. However, wide usage of internet in the population creates a possibility for applying web-based methods in headache epidemiological research that can be more resource-saving. The aim of this study was to compile and test a headache diagnostic questionnaire, to determine the 1-year prevalence of primary headaches among 20-64 year olds in Estonia and to evaluate the applicability of web-based surveys in epidemiological studies of primary headaches. The results show that the 1-year prevalences of primary headaches in Estonia are similar to other European countries, except for tension-type headache. The low prevalence of tension-type headache in this study is most probably an underestimation. This implies that primary headaches in Estonia are an important cause of morbidity as well as a prominent socioeconomic burden. It can be concluded, that online headache research may be a time- and resource efficient alternative in IT-developed countries. In addition to obtaining larger study samples in relatively short time periods, the IT solutions can provide participant identification methods that avoid data contamination and are able to distinguish most primary headache disorders sufficiently. However, further research is needed to find more reliable methods of online access and engagement to gain representative samples and overcome the pitfalls of bias and most probably underestimation of headache prevalence in web-based epidemiological research.
Kirjeldus
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone
Märksõnad
headache, epidemiology, diagnostics, web applications, questionnaires, research papers, Estonia