Leucippe and Clitophon by Achilles Tatius: rhetorical figures, narrative tempo and genres in the Greek novel
Kuupäev
2014-10-02
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Doktoritöö uurib ühe vanakreeka romaaniautori, Achilleus Tatiose stiili tema teose Leukippe ja Kleitophon põhal, keskendudes narratiivi tempole, erinevatele žanritele ja retoorilistele väljendusvahenditele, mida autor jutustamisel kasutab. Selleks on terves romaanis lähtuvalt jutuaja ning jutustamise aja suhetest analüüsitud seitsme tempojuhtimise tüübi kasutust ja esinemist. Teisalt on iga tekstilõigu vormist, funktsioonist ja sisust lähtuvalt eristatud romaanis kümmet žanri, mis omakorda jaotuvad alažanriteks. Jutustamise tempo juhtimise tüüpide ja žanrite vastastikkuseid suhteid ja koosmõjusid jälgides võib järeldada, et teatud (ala)žanre esitatakse kiiremates tempotüüpides ja teatud (ala)žanre aeglasemates, kusjuures Achilleus Tatios eelistab oma romaanis selliseid (ala)žanre, mida esitatakse pigem aeglasemas tempos (kirjeldused, arutlused, mitmesugused kõned jne.). Võrdluseks on esitatud samalaadne analüüs u 10 sajandit hilisema bütsantsi romaaniautori Eustathius Makrembolitese teosest Hysmine ja Hysminias, mille jutustamise tempo on pisut kiirem ja autor keskendub rohkem sündmustiku edasiandmisele. Analüüsitud on ka seda, millistes teose osades esinevad kiirema tempoga tekstilõigud ja millistes pigem aeglasemad ning kus erinevate tempotüüpide vaheldumine on sagedasem (enamasti kiirema sündmuste arengu või dialoogide puhul), kus harvem (ehk esinevad pikemad lõigud ühes ja samas tempotüübis või žanris). Töö viimane ja pikim osa keskendub aga retooriliste väljendusvahendite uurimisele lähtuvalt nii iga tekstilõigu tempojuhtimise tüübist kui (ala)žanrist. Selleks on analüüsitud Tatiose romaani esimest kahte raamatut, lisaks mõningaid lõike teose keskpaigast ja lõpuosast. Analüüsi tulemusena selgus, et väljendusvahendite valik sõltub rohkem žanrist kui jutustamise tempost ning võib märgata teatud kombinatsioone tempo, žanri ning retooriliste figuuride vahel. Samuti võib välja tuua igale žanrile iseloomulikud figuurid, kusjuures ka ühe žanri alažanrites on väljendusvahendite kasutus sageli pisut erinev. Tempotüüpidest võib kõige suuremat mõju märgata nö. 0-tasandil (jutustamise- ja jutuaeg on võrdne), mis on teoses levinuim ja mida kasutatakse eelkõige tegelaste otsekõnede esitamiseks.
The thesis studies the style of Achilles Tatius – one of the authors of ancient Greek novels – in his work Leucippe and Clitophon, concentrating on the narrative tempo, different genres and rhetorical figures he uses in his narration. For this purpos the whole novel is divided into sections belonging into seven types of narrative tempo-management on the one hand (regarding the correlation between story time and narrating time in a section), and into 10 genres and 21 sub-genres on the other hand (regarding the form, function and content of a section). Observing the interrelations between these two aspects we can see that certain (sub-) genres are presented in slower and certain (sub-)genres in quicker types of narrative tempo-management, whereas Achilles Tatius prefers to use these (sub-)genres, which are presented in slower types (descriptions, contemplations, various speeches). A similar analysis of the Byzantine novel Hysmine and Hysminias by Eustathius Macrembolites is presented for comparison. The analysis reveals that the narrative tempo in the novel of Eustatius is slightly quicker and he focuses more on presenting the plot. The thesis studies also, in which parts of these novels the narrative tempo is quicker, in which parts slower, and observes, where the alternation of different types of narrative tempo-management and/or (sub-)genres is more frequent (usually when the plot develops quicker or dialogues occur). The last and longest chapter of this thesis analyzes the use of rhetorical figures in separate sections both according to the type of narrative tempo-management and according to the (sub-)genre. For that purpose the first two books are analyzed as a whole, in addition some sections from the middle and end of the novel. The analysis revealed, that the use of rhetorical figures depends primarily on the genre of a section and certain combinations of the genre, narrative tempo-management type and rhetorical figures can be noticed. Certain figures are characteristic to each genre, whereas the choice and frequency of rhetorical figures in sub-genres of one genre usually differ slightly. Regarding the types of narrative tempo-management the largest influence may be noticed in the type of 0-level (where the story-time and narrating time are equal), which is the dominant type in the novel used primarily for presenting the direct speech of characters.
The thesis studies the style of Achilles Tatius – one of the authors of ancient Greek novels – in his work Leucippe and Clitophon, concentrating on the narrative tempo, different genres and rhetorical figures he uses in his narration. For this purpos the whole novel is divided into sections belonging into seven types of narrative tempo-management on the one hand (regarding the correlation between story time and narrating time in a section), and into 10 genres and 21 sub-genres on the other hand (regarding the form, function and content of a section). Observing the interrelations between these two aspects we can see that certain (sub-) genres are presented in slower and certain (sub-)genres in quicker types of narrative tempo-management, whereas Achilles Tatius prefers to use these (sub-)genres, which are presented in slower types (descriptions, contemplations, various speeches). A similar analysis of the Byzantine novel Hysmine and Hysminias by Eustathius Macrembolites is presented for comparison. The analysis reveals that the narrative tempo in the novel of Eustatius is slightly quicker and he focuses more on presenting the plot. The thesis studies also, in which parts of these novels the narrative tempo is quicker, in which parts slower, and observes, where the alternation of different types of narrative tempo-management and/or (sub-)genres is more frequent (usually when the plot develops quicker or dialogues occur). The last and longest chapter of this thesis analyzes the use of rhetorical figures in separate sections both according to the type of narrative tempo-management and according to the (sub-)genre. For that purpose the first two books are analyzed as a whole, in addition some sections from the middle and end of the novel. The analysis revealed, that the use of rhetorical figures depends primarily on the genre of a section and certain combinations of the genre, narrative tempo-management type and rhetorical figures can be noticed. Certain figures are characteristic to each genre, whereas the choice and frequency of rhetorical figures in sub-genres of one genre usually differ slightly. Regarding the types of narrative tempo-management the largest influence may be noticed in the type of 0-level (where the story-time and narrating time are equal), which is the dominant type in the novel used primarily for presenting the direct speech of characters.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
kirjanikud, kirjandusajalugu, kirjanduskriitika, armastusromaanid, Vana-Kreeka, Kreeka, bütsantsi, narratiiv, kirjanduslik stiil, writers, history of literature, literary criticism, love stories, Ancient Greece, Greece, Byzantine, narrative, literary style