Sirvi Märksõna "meediakasutus" järgi

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5-6-aastaste laste õpetajate ekraanimeedia alased hoiakud ja hinnangud ekraanimeedia kasutamisele Jõgeva ja Tartu maakonna lasteaedade näitel
(Tartu Ülikool, 2015) Raudsepp, Gerda; Luik, Piret, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Haridusteaduste instituut
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5-7-aastaste laste vanemad laste meediakasutuse juhendajatena Rahamaa näitel
(Tartu Ülikool, 2011) Kald, Inga; Kalmus, Veronika, juhendaja; Vinter, Kristi, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
Parental mediation of 5 to 7 year old children’s media use: the Rahamaa (Moneyville) case Internet is spreading more and more and it is entering forcefully into ever younger children’s lives. Internet is unenforceable and includes different risks and opportunities. Pre-school aged children may have difficulties to implement safe and precautious behaviour in such a diverse and new environment. Therefore, experienced parents should come to help. They should introduce environment full on opportunities to children and guide them towards developmental and educational online-games. The main objective of this bachelor thesis was to examine Internet’s presumable positive effect on 5 to 7 year old children. In focus of the thesis was an educational online-game Rahamaa (Moneyville), which effect was examined through parents’ and children’s statements. In addition, the bachelor thesis examined to what extent and how parents mediate their children’s Internet use. The thesis explored also general computer usage of pre-schoolers and their development into a cognizant consumer. The theoretical part of this study gives an overview of children’s Internet use (risks and opportunities of Internet, positive media content), children’s development into cognizant consumers, parents’ role in mediating their children’s Internet use and developing them into a cognizant consumer, the theory and importance of game, computer- and online-games and Rahamaa game. Theoretical part gives the background to understand the empirical material. In order to gather empirical data on above mentioned matter I used qualitative research method and carried out focus group interviews with children and their parents. I conducted four interviews – two of them in a group of six with children and two in a group of six with parents. I analysed results using text examples. The analyses showed that children are spending more and more time on the Internet. It turned out that parents do not worry much about their children’s Internet use and they are frequently left alone in the new media. Parents utilize some restrictions but they do not consider it indispensable to invigilate children’s Internet use. However, all of the parents claim that they have discussed topics about Internet with their children. The bachelor thesis also showed that 54 older siblings often help and supervise pre-schoolers in matters of Internet. It also appeared that children enjoy playing Rahamaa online-game. All of the questioned children think that they have learned from this game but parents’ opinions are different. They presume that children cannot put learned skills into practice. There are not many studies in Estonia that concentrate on the positive aspects and opportunities of Internet and especially taking into account the statements of children and their parents. Present study is certainly a considerable groundwork for further investigation. The results of this bachelor thesis bestow consideration upon children’s Internet use and parental mediation. The results also help parents, kindergarten teachers and media to find effective strategies to make children’s Internet usage more developmental. This topic certainly needs further research. The focus should be on how children distinguish between online-world and real life. Following studies should be conducted with more representative sample. In addition to qualitative method it would be interesting to use quantitative research method as well.
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Ajakirjandusliku sisu müük internetis: maailma teooria ja Eesti praktika
(Tartu Ülikool, 2014) Ruuda, Lennart; Harro-Loit, Halliki, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ühiskonnateaduste instituut
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Ajaleht Setomaa Mikitamäe elanike üldises meediatarbimise kontekstis
(Tartu Ülikool, 2011) Toe, Anu; Vihalemm, Peeter, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
The Newspaper Setomaa in the Context of General Media Use of the Inhabitants of Mikitamäe In this Bachelor’s thesis, I combined quantitative and qualitative research methods to create a complete picture. My study focused on media consumption preferences among the inhabitants of one of the poorest rural municipalities in Estonia, who still uphold the traditional Seto culture. Another aim of the research, in addition to identification of general media consumption patterns, was to analyse the role of the local newspaper Setomaa, an important carrier of Seto culture, and to analyse somewhat the content of the newspaper. A reader survey indicated that the respondents used, on average, less media than Estonian residents in general. However, they preferred similar channels: the preferred media channels both in Estonia in general and in Setomaa include, above all, television, followed by radio and the Internet, with printed media being the last. Young people are overall the largest media consumers, with eight hours and 10 minutes on average. Middle-aged people spend seven hours and 21 minutes and older people seven hours and 40 minutes on media. Private commercial channels are preferred to public TV and radio channels; Estonian news is the main topic of interest, but many people also read adverts. The respondents were regular readers of local newspapers and considered reports on local life and news as very important, but did not overemphasise it. Nationwide newspaper Postimees came fourth in the ranking of popularity after Setomaa and the rural municipality and county newspapers. The readers are mainly interested in Estonian news and, in case of local newspapers, reports on familiar issues and people. Newspaper Setomaa is the preferred publication for local inhabitants. They have been reading this newspaper for a long time and are generally satisfied with it. It is seen as an important channel for reporting local news and preserving the language. Repetitiveness and lack of reports on local people and local events were mentioned as weaknesses of the newspaper. The readers would like to see more articles about local businesses and social problems, as well as more information for children and young people. The newspaper is constantly changing and developing. The arrival of the new editor-in-chief in the summer of 2006 was followed by relatively major changes for the newspaper. Instead of a monthly newsletter it is now published twice a month and resembles more a traditional newspaper. The circle of authors was expanded and there is greater professionalism in the level of reporting. However, the changes were not radical and the newspaper still emphasises Seto culture and publishes texts on culture and history. The main problem for the newspaper is reduced funding, which leads to a drop in the quality of writers and content. Efforts are underway to find solutions to the problems, e.g., identify additional sources of financing, which would serve as motivation for making a greater contribution to the newspaper. I hope that this thesis provides an overview of the status of the Setomaa newspaper for the inhabitants of a rural municipality and thereby contributes to the development of the newspaper.
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Ajalehtede lugemine gümnaasiuminoorte hulgas
(Tartu Ülikool, 2007) Miller, Merilin; Vihalemm, Peeter, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni osakond
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Ajateenistusse astujate arusaamad infomõjutusest
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021) Roon, Jesper; Kruup, Kaspar, juhendaja; Kasearu, Kairi, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Ühiskonnateaduste instituut
Bakalaureusetöö eesmärk oli selgitada välja ajateenijate käitumine (sotsiaal)meedia infovoos: mis meediat tarbitakse, mida jagatakse, kuidas saadakse aru neile pakutud informatsioonist, kuidas mõistetakse võimalikku infomõjutust. Selleks analüüsisin andmeid ankeetküsitlusest, mis viidi läbi Eesti Vabariigi Kaitseväe ajateenijate hulgas 2020. aasta oktoobris, mille üldine eesmärk oli kaardistada ajateenijate sotsiaalmeedia tarbimise harjumused, meediakriitilisus ning arusaamu infomõjutusest. Keskendusin enda töös ajateenijate tõlgendustele, mille nad andsid ankeedis käsitletud piltidele ja analüüsisin nende vastuseid erinevate demograafiliste näitajate lõikes Samuti annan enda töös ülevaate ajateenijate meediatarbimisest, kokkupuutest valeinformatsiooniga ja oskusest valeuudiseid tuvastada. Eesmärkide saavutamiseks teostasin ankeetküsitluse eksploratiivse ja kirjeldava kvantitatiivse analüüsi ning induktiivse kvalitatiivse sisuanalüüsi. Kodeerisin ajateenijate kvalitatiivsed vastused ja analüüsisin koodide seoseid erinevate demograafiliste näitajatega ja teiste vastustega. Suurimad erinevused ilmnesid haridustasemete lõikes ning mõnevõrra üllatuslikult ei sõltunud ajateenijate tõlgendused ning kavatsused pilte edasi jagada või neile reageerida teistest testitud muutujatest. Pigem hinnati pilte igavaks ning leiti, et need ei vääri seetõttu jagamist. Seda tulemust kujundab tõenäoliselt nii sotsiaalne soovitavus, piltide valik kui ka sotsiaalmeedia konteksti puudumine, milleta selliste meemide tõlgendamine keeruline võib olla. Samuti analüüsisin seda, milliseid infoallikaid ajateenijad usaldusväärseks peavad ning mis on nende kokkupuuted valeinfoga. Nende küsimuste puhul ilmnesid sageli erinevused lähtuvalt vastaja kodusest keelest ja haridustasemest. Nende tulemuste valguses saab väita, et valeinfo levik ajateenijate seas võib olla probleem, kuivõrd sellist infot nähakse sageli. Samas on ajateenijate oskus valeinfot hinnata pigem hea, kuigi erinevate infoallikate usaldusväärsusele antud hinnangud tekitavad nende võimete osas ka mõningaid kahtlusi. Tulemuste valguses võib öelda, et ajateenijatele meediaalaseid ning infomõjutust käsitlevate kursuste pakkumine oleks mõistlik nii hariduslike kui kultuuriliste erinevuste vähendamiseks kui ka üldise pädevuse suurendamiseks.
listelement.badge.access-status Avatud juurdepääs ,
Ajude äravool avaliku arutelu objektina
(Tartu Ülikool, 2005) Oja, Katrin; Vihalemm, Peeter, juhendaja
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Ajude äravool avaliku arutelu objektina
(2005) Oja, Katrin; Vihalemm, Peeter, juhendaja
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Algklassilaste meediatarbimise harjumused: õpetajate vaatenurk
(Tartu Ülikool, 2011) Rooste, Kädli; Siibak, Andra, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
”Media use habits of primary school children: teachers perspective” Key words: media use habits, media effects, primary school children and teachers, screen media, communication, mediation. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to find out teachers` perspective about media use habits of primary school children. In addition, the author aimed to find out teachers perceptions about possible media influences on children and to study, if teachers have noticed the implications of childrens` media use also in their everyday life, school-settings in particular. The research also studied how primary school teachers evaluate medias` possible influence on childrens` behavior, communication and studies. Among other things, the author studied how teachers see their own role in childrens` media use, how teachers use media content in school and guide childrens` media use. The author also aimed to find out how teachers evaluate parents and peers role in guiding childrens` media use. In the first chapter of the thesis, the author gave a theoretical overview about childrens` cognitive development related to media use, and dwelled upon the general media use habits of children. Furthermore, possible media influence and role on a child is discussed, and the role of important others in mediating childrens` media use is described. In addition, the theoretical chapter ends with a short overview about media use in schools. The empirical part of the study is based on two semi-structured focus group interviews with primary school teachers in Saue Gymnasium (N=4) and in Kiili Gymnasium (N=5). The data collected from the interviews were analyzed using the method of qualitative content analyses. The results, analyses, conclusions and discussion drawn from the focus group interviews are shown in four main chapters of the study. The analyses brought about the following results. Primary school teachers who took part in the focus groups have an opinion that children are active media users and they mainly prefer to use screen media. According to the perception of primary school teachers, different programs and movies directed to adult viewers are also the TV programs the primary school children are most often interested in viewing. Teachers presume that childrens` computer use is mainly oriented to communication and playing. Focus group discussion with teachers also led to the assumption that various social networking sites are not just leisure time activity for children, but have become an important social world for them. From the conversations with teachers occurred, that the implications of childrens` media use can also be seen in the everyday school settings. Implications of media use can be seen mostly in childrens` games and phraseology. As positive implications, teachers see kids imitating various television shows or competition-shows in their games. Teachers consider these kind of games positive, as they assume that kids learn through imitating. Teachers consider violent behavior and foul-language as negative implications from the media use. Furthermore, teachers believe that multi-tasking may cause troubles in paying attention and concentrating. Primary school teachers do not think they have a notable role in shaping childrens` media habits. Teachers use media willingly in lessons, but usually with the wrong purpose in mind. Teachers use media to make lessons more attractive and interesting, not to teach children how to use media critically. On the other hand, teachers believe that parents have a considerable role in guiding childrens` media use. However, teachers are in opinion that parents mediate childrens` media use mainly through restrictive mediation way, supervising mainly the time spent in front of the computer or TV. On lesser occasions, parents try to keep child away from possibly harmful content. Teachers consider, that in addition to parents, childrens` media use is also mediated by peers, as teachers had noted that it is very important for children to use the same kind of media as their peers use. Due to the limited sample of this paper, it is not possible to make an overall conclusions about childrens` media use habits. Although, it can be seen from the teachers point of view, that changes in kids media use habits run along with changes in media and mediums. In the time of continuous interactive media flow, it is comprehensible that childrens` media use habits are also becoming more interactive. Nevertheless, it is important to keep in mind, that although children are very active media users, they still may not understand everything they witness. That is way, it is important that child would have someone, a parent or a teacher, who would explain media content and develop his/hers media literacy skills. In the future, it would be interesting to study more thoroughly childrens` use of social networking sites, especially how their relations format and develop in online settings. The latter would be interesting as the research at hand shows, that primary school teachers have perceived that children often dispute and make up in online platforms.
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Differences in thematic and geographical interests among the readers of news portal Delfi in Russian and Estonian language
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021) Briantseva, Nina; Kaldur, Kristjan, juhendaja; Seppel, Külliki, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Johan Skytte poliitikauuringute instituut
The purpose of this master’s thesis is to study whether and how the media consumption among Russian-speaking minority in Estonia has an effect on the integration of this group to Estonian society. For this, the character of the media consumption among two audiences: Russianspeaking minorities and Estonian-speaking group - is compared and analysed. The thesis uses the quantitative approach: statistical data about the media consumption of these two audiences is analysed, based on the data from the Estonian news portal Delfi.ee and its Russian-language version RusDelfi.ee. The main results indicate that, in general, the Russian-speaking audience has become over time more interested in consuming the content about the developments in Estonia, but these changes are significant only in several thematic groups and with a high probability are connected with the COVID-19.
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Digital communication technologies and mental health: an interplay between usage types and user characteristics
(2023-03-01) Gugushvili, Nino; Verduyn, Philippe, juhendaja; Ruiter, Robert A. C., juhendaja; Täht, Karin, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Maastricht University
Nutitelefonide ja sotsiaalmeedia suhtlusvõrgustike (SM) levikuga on nii akadeemilistes ringkondades kui ka väljaspool kaasnenud mure, et need digitaalsed kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiad võivad negatiivselt mõjutada kasutajate vaimset tervist. Sel põhjusel on viimase kahe aastakümne jooksul tehtud palju uuringuid mõistmaks kuidas need digitaalsed kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiad mõjutavad kasutajate vaimset tervist. Varasemad uuringud on keskendunud peamiselt üldisele ajale, mille inimesed veedavad nutitelefone ja SM-e kasutades. Need uuringud on andnud erinevaid tulemusi ja meta-analüüsid on näidanud, et keskmiselt on nutitelefoni ja SM-i kasutamise mõju vaimsele tervisele negatiivne, kuid väike. Kuid üldisele kasutusajale keskendumine ei võta arvesse (1) kasutustüüpe, (2) kasutaja omadusi ja (3) erinevust digitaalsete kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate mitte-probleemse ja probleemse kasutamise vahel ega ka seda kuidas need kolm aspekti koos toimivad kasutajate vaimsele tervisele. Käesolev väitekiri käsitleb neid kolme peamist piirangut ja suurendab meie arusaamist sellest olulisest küsimusest. Esiteks näitab doktoritöö, et erinevad SM-i (nt aktiivne versus passiivne) ja nutitelefonide (nt sotsiaalne versus mittesotsiaalne) kasutustüübid on vaimse tervisega erinevalt seotud. Teiseks näitab töö, et need seosed erinevad kasutajate lõikes süstemaatiliselt ja tuvastab samuti nende seoste juures olulist rolli mängivad ohutegurid (nt neurootilisus). Kolmandaks selgitab doktoritöö ka otsesed ja kaudsed seosed nende ohutegurite, digitaalsete kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate probleemse kasutamise ja vaimse tervise näitajate vahel. Kokkuvõttes näitab käesolev doktoritöö, et digitaalsete kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate mõju vaimsele tervisele on keeruline ja sõltub digitaalsete kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate kasutusviiside ja kasutajate omaduste vastastikusest interaktsioonist.
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Eesti Akadeemilise Ajakirjanduse Seltsi aastaraamat 2022
(Tartu, Eesti Akadeemiline Ajakirjanduse Selts, 2023) Tiikmaa, Helle, toimetaja; Vihalemm, Peeter, toimetaja
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Eesti alternatiivmeedia kanalite Nihilist, Vanglaplaneet ja Uued Uudised toimimine ning funktsioonid
(Tartu Ülikool, 2017) Saavik, Siim; Kõuts-Klemm, Ragne, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Ühiskonnateaduste instituut
Bakalaureusetöö “Eesti alternatiivmeedia kanalite Nihilist, Vanglaplaneet ja Uued Uudised toimimine ning funktsioonid” andis ülevaate Eesti alternatiivmeedia internetiportaalide toimimisest. Nagu pealkiri ütleb, et suurema tähelepanu all olid kolm Eesti alternatiivmeedia kanalit: Nihilist, Vanglaplaneet ja Uued Uudised. Need portaalid valisin välja peale põhjalikku kanalite analüüsi, mille eesmärgiks oli leida kolm kanalit, mille põhjal saaks Eesti alternatiivmeedia erinevaid liike iseloomustada ja analüüsida. Kolm alternatiivmeedia tüüpi olid: rahvameedia (Nihilist), konspirituaalne (Vanglaplaneet) ja poliitiline (Uued Uudised) kanal. Töö teostamiseks viisin läbi kolm poolstruktureeritud intervjuud – Ühe intervjuu iga fookuses olnud kanali esindajaga. Töö uurimisküsimusteks olid: 1. Kuidas Eesti alternatiivmeedia kanalid Nihilist, Vanglaplaneet ja Uued Uudised toimivad? 2. Millised funktsioone Nihilist, Vanglaplaneet ja Uued Uudised tegijate sõnul täidavad? Uurimisküsimustele vastusteks leidsin kokkuvõtvalt järgmisi tähendusi. Kanalite teemad kujunevad enamasti peavoolumeediast ning neid teemasid käsitletakse vastavalt kanali püstitatud agendale. Koostööd teevad portaalid ainult sarnase suunitlusega alternatiivmeedia kanalitega. Sisuvoo käimashoidmine ja kanali arendamine on seotud sellega, kuidas portaalid ennast rahastavad. Kõikide kanalite eesmärk on peavoolumeedia puudusi tasakaalustada. Ühtlasi üritavad portaalid oma tegevusega Eesti ühiskonnas muutusi tekitada. Kuigi alternatiivmeedia on maailmas küllaltki vana nähtus, siis Eestis on aktiivsem alternatiivmeedia tegutsenud vaid viimased paar aastat ning võib spekuleerida, et teistsugune meedia muutub riigis järjest populaarsemaks. Kui alternatiivmeedia on oma tegevuses vastandlik peavoolumeediale ja mingil määral ka riigimehhanismidele, siis võib arvata, et ka inimeste seas on alati neid, kes need toimijad oma mõttemaailmas kahtluse alla seavad. Sellepärast on oluline, et Eesti alternatiivmeediat teaduslikult uuritakse ning analüüsitakse. Seda on tänapäevani tehtud väga vähe, kuid loodetavasti annab minu bakalaureusetöö selle tarbeks oma panuse.
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Eesti ja vene keelt kõnelevate gümnaasiuminoorte raadiokuulamine – pilootuuring kahes Tartu koolis
(Tartu Ülikool, 2009) Rohtmets, Liis; Suni, Raivo, juhendaja; Jakobson, Valeria, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
listelement.badge.access-status Piiratud juurdepääs ,
Eesti kooliõpilaste meediakasutus
(Tartu Ülikool, 2003) Olmaru, Jaanus; Lauk, Epp, juhendaja
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Eesti neliteist maakonnalehte aastal 2011
(Tartu Ülikool, 2011) Schmidt, Ave; Kõuts, Ragne, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaal- ja haridusteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni instituut
The aim of the Master´s Thesis “14 Estonian local newspapers in 2011” is to give a detailed survey of the local newspapers and to find out to which extent the papers fulfill the role of the community journalism. In order to answer the questions set, the author used the following methods: content analysis to carry out the survey on the content of the local newspapers, qualitative text-analysis for analyzing the editorials and opinion articles, and the questionnaire, in order to find out how the journalists of the local paper understand the role of the local paper. The Master´s Thesis revealed that the dominating topics surveyed in the papers were the adoption of Euro, politics, sport, weather conditions and entertainment. Among other topics discussed in the editorials and columns emerged such subjects as the local development and moral. Remarkably were the similar subjects and topics discussed in Estonian daily papers. A significant difference became evident while carrying out the survey – while the local newspapers discussed the adoption of Euro on a wider scale without setting it into the wider economic-political context, the daily papers had the contrasting tendency i.e. the articles on monetary reforms were mainly concentrating on its wider economic-political importance on analytical basis. The local newspapers published short articles and texts with less analytical and thorough discussion than the daily papers did, and the local newspapers had the tendency to use press releases or quotations from other media issues, without referring to the initial source of the particular information. Both, the daily as well as the local newspapers, mainly issued articles with the basic function of giving information. While the daily papers also had articles with general educating function, the local newspapers printed articles of integrating function. While the dominating amount of the articles published in local papers fitted well into the local dimension, the articles published in the newspapers Eesti Päevaleht and Postimees had the dominating group formed by the articles of primary dimension. It must be mentioned that the local newspapers did not neglect Estonian life on the wider scale by offering topics and events of the national significance and acuteness. The amount of articles published by the editors and correspondents and people outside the staff had the same rate both in daily and local newspapers, whereas the latter had the tendency of using ordinary people not only in the section of the Readers´ Letters but gave them the possibility to be an author in other genres as well. Moreover, while the local newspapers offered the opportunity for any common person to act as the spokesman, the daily papers mainly used experts in that role. The analysis of the news stories revealed the fact that in local papers there exist far less articles of personified topics, signifying the personal experience of a person, than in the daily newspapers. The Master´s Thesis also concludes that according to the journalists of local papers the most important role of the local newspaper is to inform their people on the local events. They also consider significant the task of the local paper to develop and improve the local life, keep the development and inform the reader about the decisions and work of the local government and authorities. They also remark it is important to consider the expectations of the reader and the people of the local community. Besides that they consider the expectations of their colleagues, direct manager, editor and Estonian people. However, there are less those who in compiling the paper consider the expectations of the clerks of the local government and of those ordering advertising.
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Eesti Päevalehe loetavus paber- ja online-variandis 20-40-aastaste lugejate seas
(Tartu Ülikool, 2007) Roonemaa, Holger; Vihalemm, Peeter, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduskond; Tartu Ülikool. Ajakirjanduse ja kommunikatsiooni osakond
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Eesti üldhariduskoolide õpetajate valmidus meedia õpetamiseks läbiva teemana
(Tartu Ülikool, 2004) Kurm, Tarmu; Lauk, Epp, juhendaja
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Eesti üldhariduskoolide õpetajate valmidus meedia õpetamiseks läbiva teemana
(2004) Kurm, Tarmu; Lauk, Epp, juhendaja
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Eesti venekeelne spordiajakirjandus ja selle eripära Eesti meediamaastikul
(Tartu Ülikool, 2022) Inno, Natalja; Kõuts-Klemm, Ragne, juhendaja; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond; Tartu Ülikool. Ühiskonnateaduste instituut
Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärk oli uurida, kuidas teevad kajastatavate sündmuste ja spordisaavutuste valikuid Eesti venekeelsed ajakirjanikud. Eesmärgi täitmiseks viisin ajavahemikul 1.04.-14.04.2022 kuue Eesti spordist kirjutava ajakirjanikuga läbi poolstruktureeritud intervjuud. Töö andis kvalitatiivse analüüsi põhjal ülevaate, kuidas mõtestavad Eesti venekeelsed ajakirjanikud spordi kajastamist, st oma tööd venekeelses meedias ning millistest teguritest sõltub publitseeritavate venekeelsete spordiuudiste valik. Eestis tegutsevate venekeelsete ajakirjanike arv on väike. Uurimise tulemusena selgus, et valdav osa nendest ei ole ametlikult spordiajakirjanikud ning meediaorganisatsioonides ei eksisteeri venekeelseid sporditoimetusi. Venekeelsete allikate kasutamine ja iseseisev reporteritöö lugude ja uudiste kirjutamiseks Eestis ilmuvates venekeelsetes spordiuudistes on tingitud mitmest asjaolust. Avalik- õiguslike ja eraõiguslike venekeelsete meediakanalite spordiajakirjanike töö spetsiifika erinevusteks võib tuua eesti- ja venekeelsete toimetuste koostöö valmidust ning võimalusi. Avalik õigusliku kanali juures töötavad respondendid kasutavad eesti- ja venekeelsete spordiajakirjanike vahelist teineteise dubleerimist ning vastastikust materjali kasutamist. Eraõiguslikel kanalitel on eesti- ja venekeelsetele sporditoimetustel koostöö vähene. Venekeelsed spordiajakirjanikud ütlevad, et vajavad materjali kogudes sportlastelt ja teistelt kõneisikutelt intervjuud vene keeles (eriti raadiointervjuude puhul). Eestis on venekeelsete kõneisikute puudus. Intervjuude käigus ei ole esile kerkinud teises keeles intervjuu võtmise takistust. Avalik õiguslik kanalid omavad kohalikku sporditemaatilist originaalmaterjali, kuid inimressursi puudumise tõttu jääb see avaldamata (monteerimine, tõlkimine, subtiitrite või muu lisatöö tõttu). Eraõiguslikes kanalites spordiuudiste avalikustamist mõjutab lugeja huvi ja klikkide jaht ehk edukus, tulu. Think-aloud vaatluse meetodi kasutamine kinnitas asjaolu, et kommertsportaalide spordiajakirjanikud ei unusta kirjutada “kollakama” tooniga uudiste pealkirju, põhjuseks teooria (teadlaste (Hennoste 2008; Pernice 2017) poolt kinnitatud ) ja väljaannete juhtkonna poolt nõutud tegur. Eestis tegutsevatel venekeelsetel spordiajakirjanikel on väljaannete ja toimetuste juhtkondade täielik usaldus. Eesti venekeelsete spordiuudiste valik ja sisu on otseses seoses spordiajakirjanike eetiliste eelistuste ja subjektiivsete valikutega. Kokkuvõtteks võib öelda, et kohalikud venekeelsed spordiajakirjanikud võivad mõjutada spordiuudiste avalikustamise ja Eesti kohaliku spordi viimist vene keelt kõneleva elanikkonnani.