Performance of habitual entrepreneurs’ firms: Evidence from Estonian MSMEs
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Ajakirja pealkiri
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Kirjastaja
Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus
Abstrakt
Korduvettevõtjad on seotud mitme ettevõtte asutamise ja juhtimisega. Korduvettevõtjaid ja nende ettevõtete tulemuslikkust on varasemas kirjanduses uuritud piiratud ulatuses, eriti vähe on tähelepanu pööratud nende rahvusvahelistumise protsessidele. Seetõttu ei ole piisavalt selge, kuidas varasemates ettevõtetes saavutatud tulemused seostuvad järgnevate ettevõtete tulemuslikkusega.
Doktoritöös uuritakse, kuidas varasem ettevõtluskogemus ning varasemate ettevõtete finants- ja eksporditulemuslikkus seostuvad korduvettevõtjate järgnevate ettevõtete tulemuslikkuse ja varajase rahvusvahelistumisega. Neli Eesti Äriregistri andmetel põhinevat uuringut käsitlevad tulemuslikkuse püsimist, varajasi rahvusvahelistumise protsesse (EIPsid), ettevõtja kogemuse tüüpe ja varasema ekspordi eri mõõtmeid.
Tulemused näitavad, et tulemuslikkuse püsimine on valikuline ja näitajaspetsiifiline: varasemad finants- ja ekspordinäitajad seostusid samade näitajatega järgnevates ettevõtetes. Seosed ilmnesid järjekindlamalt varasemate näitajate kõrge taseme korral, kuid väike eksporditurgude arv kandus edasi järjekindlamalt kui suur.
Tuvastati neli empiirilist EIPd: varajane regionaalne, varajane tasakaalustatud, varajane globaalne ja katkendlik. Empiirilised EIPd ehk ettevõtete ekspordiandmetest tuvastatud rahvusvahelistumismustrid tõid esile ka pühendunud, kuid geograafiliselt kitsama ulatusega rahvusvahelistumise. Varasemad ja järjepidevamad EIPd seostusid hilisemate või katkendlikumate EIPdega võrreldes parema finantstulemuslikkuse, väiksemate maksuvõlgade ja madalama ebaõnnestumise riskiga.
Varasem ekspordikogemus seostus pühendunumate EIPdega järjekindlamalt kui üksnes kodumaine ettevõtluskogemus, kuigi ka algajate ettevõtjate ettevõtted võisid varakult rahvusvahelistuda. Varasem Euroopa-väline eksport ja suurem eksporditurgude arv seostusid kõige järjekindlamalt järgneva ettevõtte varasema rahvusvahelisele turule sisenemise ning suurema tõenäosusega järgida pühendunumaid EIPsid.
Doktoritöö näitab, et varasem kogemus ei ole ühetaoliselt ülekantav ressurss ning selle tähendus varieerub tulemusnäitaja, varasema taseme, kogemuse tüübi ja geograafilise konteksti järgi.
Habitual entrepreneurs found and manage multiple firms, but prior experience does not guarantee better outcomes in the next firm. Previous research treats experience as a uniform resource and early internationalization through literature-based categories. This dissertation examines how prior business experience and firms’ financial and export performance are associated with the performance and early internationalization of habitual entrepreneurs’ subsequent firms. Four studies based on Estonian Business Registry data address performance persistence, early internationalization processes (EIPs), founder experience types, and dimensions of prior export activity. The results show that performance persistence is selective and dimension-specific: financial and export indicators were associated with the same indicators in subsequent firms. Associations were more consistently significant at high prior levels, whereas narrow export scope persisted more consistently than broad scope. Four empirical EIPs were identified: Early Regional, Early Balanced, Early Global, and Intermittent. Compared with theoretical categories, empirical EIPs more clearly distinguished regional and extra-regional pathways and captured firms that internationalized early and intensively despite operating in few markets. Earlier and more continuous EIPs were associated with better financial performance, lower payment defaults, and a lower risk of failure than later or more intermittent EIPs. Prior export experience was more consistently associated with more committed EIPs than domestic business experience alone, although novice entrepreneurs’ firms could also internationalize early. Prior non-European exporting and a larger number of export markets were most consistently associated with earlier foreign-market entry and a greater likelihood that subsequent firms followed more committed EIPs. The dissertation shows that prior experience is not a uniformly transferable resource. Its relevance varies by performance indicator, prior level, experience type, and geographic context.
Habitual entrepreneurs found and manage multiple firms, but prior experience does not guarantee better outcomes in the next firm. Previous research treats experience as a uniform resource and early internationalization through literature-based categories. This dissertation examines how prior business experience and firms’ financial and export performance are associated with the performance and early internationalization of habitual entrepreneurs’ subsequent firms. Four studies based on Estonian Business Registry data address performance persistence, early internationalization processes (EIPs), founder experience types, and dimensions of prior export activity. The results show that performance persistence is selective and dimension-specific: financial and export indicators were associated with the same indicators in subsequent firms. Associations were more consistently significant at high prior levels, whereas narrow export scope persisted more consistently than broad scope. Four empirical EIPs were identified: Early Regional, Early Balanced, Early Global, and Intermittent. Compared with theoretical categories, empirical EIPs more clearly distinguished regional and extra-regional pathways and captured firms that internationalized early and intensively despite operating in few markets. Earlier and more continuous EIPs were associated with better financial performance, lower payment defaults, and a lower risk of failure than later or more intermittent EIPs. Prior export experience was more consistently associated with more committed EIPs than domestic business experience alone, although novice entrepreneurs’ firms could also internationalize early. Prior non-European exporting and a larger number of export markets were most consistently associated with earlier foreign-market entry and a greater likelihood that subsequent firms followed more committed EIPs. The dissertation shows that prior experience is not a uniformly transferable resource. Its relevance varies by performance indicator, prior level, experience type, and geographic context.
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