Nõukogude julgeolekuorganite ja Eestimaa Kommunistliku Partei koostöö Eesti sovetiseerimisel aastatel 1944–1953
Kuupäev
2013-05-08
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Nõukogude julgeolekuorganite ja Eestimaa Kommunistliku Partei (EKP) suhted Eesti sovetiseerimisel aastatel 1944–1953 paigutuvad Nõukogude Liidu poliitilise ajaloo keskvõimu ja anastatud territooriumite regionaalsete administratsioonide vahekordade konteksti. Oluliseks erisuseks on aga see, et tegemist oli värskelt annekteeritud territooriumiga ja Nõukogude võim kujutas endast siin võõrvõimu.
Uurimuse peaeesmärgiks on kirjeldada Eestimaa Kommunistliku Partei juhtkonna ja Nõukogude julgeolekuorganite suhteid ning kindlaks teha nende olemus, mehhanismid ja dünaamika. Julgeolekuorganite ja EKP suhted olid determineeritud kahe vastuolulise imperatiiviga. Esimese järgi pidi parteiaparaat kogu sovetiseerimisprotsessi juhtima. Teisalt pidid aga julgeolekuorganid tegutsema iseseisvalt ja salastatult isegi parteivõimude eest. Selline ambivalentsus muudab sovetiseerimise mehhanismide uurimise ja seletamise keerukaks, olles siiski hädavajalik sovetiseerimisajaloo mõistmiseks. Enamuse vaadeldavast perioodist tegutsesid EKP ja julgeolekuorganid Nõukogude Liidu valitsuse seatud eesmärkide täitjatena koostöös, iseseisvate ülesannetega paralleelstruktuuridena. Julgeolekuorganisatsiooni põhiülesandeks sovetiseerimise vastaste elimineerimine ja parteiorganisatsiooni põhiülesandeks sovetiseerimisele toetajate leidmine. Olenemata sellest, kas EKP juhtpositsioon oli tegelik või näiline, võttis selle juhtkond julgeolekuorganite juhtimise kohustust tõsiselt ja initsiatiivikalt, olles seega kaasvastutaja vägivallapoliitika kavandamise, läbiviimise ja tagajärgede eest.
Relations between the Soviet security organs and the Estonian Communist Party (ECP) during the years 1944–1953 take their place in the political history of the Soviet Union in the context of relations between the central authorities and the regional administrations. An important distinction, however, is that these were newly annexed territories and the Soviet regime was a foreign power in those territories. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the nature, mechanisms and dynamics of the relations between the leadership of the ECP and the Soviet security organs. Relations between the security organs and the ECP were determined by two contradictory imperatives. According to the first, the Party apparatus was supposed to direct the entire process of sovietisation. On the other hand, however, the security organs were supposed to operate independently and secretly even in regard to the Party authorities. This kind of ambivalence makes research and explanation of sovietisation mechanisms complicated, yet it is nevertheless absolutely necessary for comprehending the history of sovietisation. The ECP and the security organs operated for most of the period under consideration in cooperation in fulfilling the sovietisation objectives established by the Soviet government, as parallel structures with independent assignments. The main task of the security organisation was the elimination of the opponents of sovietisation and the main task of the Party organisation was to find supporters of sovietisation. Regardless of whether the ECP’s leading position was actual or fictitious, its leadership took the duty of directing the security organs seriously and demonstrated initiative in this regard. The Party authorities are jointly responsible for the planning, implementation and consequences of the policy of violence.
Relations between the Soviet security organs and the Estonian Communist Party (ECP) during the years 1944–1953 take their place in the political history of the Soviet Union in the context of relations between the central authorities and the regional administrations. An important distinction, however, is that these were newly annexed territories and the Soviet regime was a foreign power in those territories. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the nature, mechanisms and dynamics of the relations between the leadership of the ECP and the Soviet security organs. Relations between the security organs and the ECP were determined by two contradictory imperatives. According to the first, the Party apparatus was supposed to direct the entire process of sovietisation. On the other hand, however, the security organs were supposed to operate independently and secretly even in regard to the Party authorities. This kind of ambivalence makes research and explanation of sovietisation mechanisms complicated, yet it is nevertheless absolutely necessary for comprehending the history of sovietisation. The ECP and the security organs operated for most of the period under consideration in cooperation in fulfilling the sovietisation objectives established by the Soviet government, as parallel structures with independent assignments. The main task of the security organisation was the elimination of the opponents of sovietisation and the main task of the Party organisation was to find supporters of sovietisation. Regardless of whether the ECP’s leading position was actual or fictitious, its leadership took the duty of directing the security organs seriously and demonstrated initiative in this regard. The Party authorities are jointly responsible for the planning, implementation and consequences of the policy of violence.