Effect of a preoperative home exercise program on motor function in women with severe knee osteoarthritis scheduled for total arthroplasty
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Ajakirja pealkiri
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Terapeutilised harjutused on põlveliigese osteoartroosiga patsientide ravis üks peamisi esmaseid sekkumisviise. Enamik varasemaid uuringuid on keskendunud haiguse varajastele staadiumitele või taastumisele pärast liigesvahetuse operatsiooni, kuid operatsioonieelse koduse harjutusprogrammi mõju raskekujulise põlveliigese osteoartroosiga patsientidel on endiselt vähe uuritud.
Käesoleva uurimistöö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada operatsioonieelse koduse harjutusprogrammi mõju liigesvahetuse operatsioonile suunatud raskekujulise põlveliigese osteoartroosiga naistel motoorsele funktsioonile, funktsionaalsele mobiilsusele ja tajutud terviseseisundile. Uuringus osalenud põlveliigese osteoartroosiga naised sooritasid kaheksa nädala vältel igapäevaselt 15 harjutusest koosnevat kodust harjutusprogrammi, mis oli suunatud liigesliikuvuse, tasakaalu, koordinatsiooni ja alajäsemete lihasjõu parandamisele.
Koduse harjutusprogrammi järgselt täheldati naistel paranenud kõnnifunktsiooni, paremat tasakaalu ebastabiilsel pinnal, paranenud reielihaste aktiveerimist ja koordinatsiooni toolilt püsti tõusul ja suurenenud alajäsemete lihasjõudu koos väiksema jäsemetevahelise jõu erinevusega. Samuti paranes põlveliigese liikumisulatust, lühenes funktsionaalsete tegevuste sooritusaeg ja tõusis tajutud terviseseisundi hinnang. Veerand vaatlusalustest otsustas pärast harjutusprogrammi läbimist planeeritud liigesvahetuse operatsiooni edasi lükata. Raskekujulise põlveliigese osteoartroosiga naiste tasakaalu, kõnnivõime ja tajutud terviseseisundi näitajad olid seotud jala sirutajalihaste jõu, põlvevalu ning liikuvusulatuse näitajatega. Mõned kõnni ning reielihaste aktivatsiooni näitajad ei erinenud pärast harjutusprogrammi ea- ja sookaaslastest. Uuringu tulemused viitavad, et preoperatiivne kodune harjutusprogramm omab positiivset mõju raskekujulise põlveliigese osteoartroosiga patsientidele ning on alternatiiviks kui ambulatoorse füsioteraapia kättesaadavus on piiratud.
Therapeutic exercise is a key part of treating knee osteoarthritis. Many studies have focused on people with earlier stages of the disease or on recovery after joint replacement surgery, but there is a lack of information regarding preoperative home exercise programs in severe knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a preoperative home exercise program on motor function, functional mobility and perceived health status in women with severe knee osteoarthritis scheduled for total knee arthroplasty. Women with knee osteoarthritis performed a preoperative home exercise program daily for 8 weeks. The program included 15 exercises to increase mobility, balance, coordination and lower limb muscle strength. After the 8-week home exercise program, women demonstrated improved gait function, better balance under unstable conditions, enhanced thigh muscle activation and coordination during standing up from a chair, stronger lower limb muscles with less strength difference between limbs, and increased knee joint range of motion. They also completed functional tasks faster and reported an improvement in their perceived health status. A quarter of the participants postponed their planned knee surgery after completing the program. In women with severe knee osteoarthritis, characteristics of balance, gait, and perceived health status were associated with leg extensor muscle strength, knee pain, and range of motion characteristics. In some gait and muscle activation characteristics, the patients’ data did not differ compared to age- and gender-matched peers after the exercise program. These findings suggest that preoperative home exercise programs benefit individuals with severe knee osteoarthritis and are a valuable alternative when access to outpatient physiotherapy is limited.
Therapeutic exercise is a key part of treating knee osteoarthritis. Many studies have focused on people with earlier stages of the disease or on recovery after joint replacement surgery, but there is a lack of information regarding preoperative home exercise programs in severe knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a preoperative home exercise program on motor function, functional mobility and perceived health status in women with severe knee osteoarthritis scheduled for total knee arthroplasty. Women with knee osteoarthritis performed a preoperative home exercise program daily for 8 weeks. The program included 15 exercises to increase mobility, balance, coordination and lower limb muscle strength. After the 8-week home exercise program, women demonstrated improved gait function, better balance under unstable conditions, enhanced thigh muscle activation and coordination during standing up from a chair, stronger lower limb muscles with less strength difference between limbs, and increased knee joint range of motion. They also completed functional tasks faster and reported an improvement in their perceived health status. A quarter of the participants postponed their planned knee surgery after completing the program. In women with severe knee osteoarthritis, characteristics of balance, gait, and perceived health status were associated with leg extensor muscle strength, knee pain, and range of motion characteristics. In some gait and muscle activation characteristics, the patients’ data did not differ compared to age- and gender-matched peers after the exercise program. These findings suggest that preoperative home exercise programs benefit individuals with severe knee osteoarthritis and are a valuable alternative when access to outpatient physiotherapy is limited.
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