Development of patient safety competence in nursing: a multimethod study
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Ajakirja pealkiri
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Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus
Abstrakt
Tervishoiu kvaliteedi seisukohalt on tähtis patsiendiohutus: tervishoiuteenust tuleb osutada niimoodi, et vigade ja välditava kahju tekke risk oleks võimalikult väike. Hinnanguliselt kogeb üks patsient kümnest tervishoiuteenuse käigus kahju, kuid umbes pooli nendest juhtumitest saab vältida. Kuna õed puutuvad patsientidega kokku kõige vahetumalt, on neil oluline osa patsiendiohutuse tagamisel. Patsiendiohutus ei olene ainult üksikisiku kliinilistest teadmistest ega oskustest, vaid ka sellest, kuidas suheldakse, tehakse meeskonnatööd, märgatakse ohtusid ning mõistetakse töökorraldust ja -keskkonna olusid. Nende teadmiste, oskuste ja hoiakute kogumit nimetatakse patsiendiohutuspädevuseks.
Doktoritöös uuriti patsiendiohutuspädevuse kujunemist õenduses kliinilise töö ja hariduse kontekstis. Töö tarbeks on rahvusvaheline patsiendiohutuspädevuse hindamise mõõdik H-PEPSS tõlgitud eesti ja norra keelde ning valideeritud. Ühtlasi on uuritud Eesti õdede hinnangut enda patsiendiohutuspädevusele ja koostöise õppimise rolli õenduses.
Tulemused kinnitavad, et H-PEPSS sobib patsiendiohutuspädevuse hindamiseks nii Eestis kui ka Norras. Eesti õed hindasid kõige kõrgemalt oma pädevust inim- ja keskkonnategurite mõistmises, kõige madalamalt hinnati meeskonnatöö pädevust. Ilmnes, et suurem töökogemus, magistriõpe ja varasem patsiendiohutusalane koolitus on seotud kõrgema hinnanguga oma pädevusele. Samuti näitasid tulemused, et eri tausta ja kogemusega õppijate koostöine õpe toetab suhtlemis-, meeskonnatöö- ja teiste mittetehniliste oskuste arengut. Selle õppe rakendamist võivad aga piirata hierarhilised suhted ja organisatsioonide vähene tugi.
Tulemused osutavad vajadusele hinnata patsiendiohutuspädevusi süstemaatiliselt ja rakendada tõenduspõhiseid koostöiseid õppemeetodeid arendamaks mittetehnilisi pädevusi. Patsiendiohutuspädevus on elukestvalt arenev ja sotsiaalselt kujunev võimekus, mistõttu eeldab selle arendamine tervishoiu- ja haridusasutuste tihedat koostööd ning elukestva õppe järjepidevat toetamist.
Patient safety refers to healthcare delivery that reduces the risk of errors and avoidable harm. It is estimated that one in ten patients experiences harm during care, and approximately half of these incidents are preventable. As nurses have the most direct contact with patients, they play an important role in ensuring patient safety. Patient safety depends not only on individuals’ clinical knowledge and technical skills but also on communication, teamwork, risk awareness, and an understanding of healthcare systems. Together, these knowledge, skills and attitudes form patient safety competence. The doctoral thesis aimed to advance understanding of the development of patient safety competence in nursing across clinical and educational contexts. The study involved translating and validating the Health Professional Education in Patient Safety (H-PEPSS) into Estonian and Norwegian. In addition, self-perceived patient safety competence among Estonian nurses and collaborative learning in nursing practice and education were investigated. The findings confirmed that H-PEPSS is suitable for assessing patient safety competence in both Estonia and Norway. Estonian nurses rated their competence highest in understanding human and environmental factors and lowest in teamwork. Greater work experience, master ’s-level studies, and prior patient safety training were associated with higher self-perceived competence. Learning in heterogeneous groups supports the development of communication, teamwork and other non-technical competencies, although hierarchical relationships and limited organisational support may limit its application. The results highlight the importance of systematic assessment of patient safety competence and evidence-based, collaborative educational approaches for developing non-technical competencies. As patient safety competence is a lifelong, socially shaped capacity, close collaboration between healthcare and educational institutions is essential to support its development.
Patient safety refers to healthcare delivery that reduces the risk of errors and avoidable harm. It is estimated that one in ten patients experiences harm during care, and approximately half of these incidents are preventable. As nurses have the most direct contact with patients, they play an important role in ensuring patient safety. Patient safety depends not only on individuals’ clinical knowledge and technical skills but also on communication, teamwork, risk awareness, and an understanding of healthcare systems. Together, these knowledge, skills and attitudes form patient safety competence. The doctoral thesis aimed to advance understanding of the development of patient safety competence in nursing across clinical and educational contexts. The study involved translating and validating the Health Professional Education in Patient Safety (H-PEPSS) into Estonian and Norwegian. In addition, self-perceived patient safety competence among Estonian nurses and collaborative learning in nursing practice and education were investigated. The findings confirmed that H-PEPSS is suitable for assessing patient safety competence in both Estonia and Norway. Estonian nurses rated their competence highest in understanding human and environmental factors and lowest in teamwork. Greater work experience, master ’s-level studies, and prior patient safety training were associated with higher self-perceived competence. Learning in heterogeneous groups supports the development of communication, teamwork and other non-technical competencies, although hierarchical relationships and limited organisational support may limit its application. The results highlight the importance of systematic assessment of patient safety competence and evidence-based, collaborative educational approaches for developing non-technical competencies. As patient safety competence is a lifelong, socially shaped capacity, close collaboration between healthcare and educational institutions is essential to support its development.
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