Neoliberaalse meritokraatia kriitiline analüüs Michael J. Sandeli teose "The Tyranny of Merit" põhjal
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Michael J. Sandel osutab, et neoliberaalne meritokraatia sisaldab sügavaid moraalseid ja poliitilisi probleeme, mis lõhestavad ühiskonda ja kahjustavad üldist hüve. Tekib küsimus – millest need probleemid täpsemalt tulenevad?
Bakalaureusetöö teema on neoliberaalse meritokraatia kriitiline analüüs poliitikafilosoofia vaatenurgast, mis lähtub peamiselt Sandeli teosest „The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good?“. Töö põhitees on: „Neoliberaalne meritokraatia on ühiskonnale kahjulik, sest see vähendab üldist hüve kogukondade hääbumise tõttu.“
Sandel ei erista neoliberalismi ja meritokraatiat selgepiiriliselt. Sellegipoolest võib tema positsiooniga nõustuda. Meritokraatia vähendab üldist hüve, sest see tekitab moraalset hierarhiat, õõnestab ühiskondlikku solidaarsust, lõhub sotsiaalset sidusust ja kahjustab demokraatlikku võrdsust.
Kirjeldus
Michael J. Sandel points out that neoliberal meritocracy contains deep moral and political problems that divide society and harm the common good. This raises a question – from where exactly do these problems come from?
The title of this bachelor’s thesis is „A critical analysis of neoliberal meritocracy based on Michael J. Sandel’s work „The Tyranny of Merit““. The research problem is that neoliberal meritocracy is seen as useful to society at first glance, however, on closer examination it’s socially damaging aspects emerge. This leads to the main research question of the thesis: „Is, why is and how is neoliberal meritocracy harmful to society?“. Accordingly, the main claim of the thesis is: „Neoliberal meritocracy is harmful to society, because it lessens the common good due to the decline of communities.“
Sandel claims that he is only speaking of meritocracy as such, but he does not differentiate the form of meritocracy from the content of neoliberalism. It must be made explicit, that Sandel actually wants to talk about the content of neoliberalism too, however he simply does not clearly state it.
Nevertheless, one can agree with his position. Meritocracy lessens the common good, because it causes a moral hiearchy, undermines social solidarity, breaks down social cohesion and harms democratic equality. Sandel’s critique of neoliberal meritocracy shows us that we need to develop an understanding of the common good that is not based on market logic, but instead on mutual respect, the dignity of work and a unified political identity.
Märksõnad
filosoofia, philosophy, neoliberalism, meritokraatia, ärateenitus, kommunitarism, üldine hüve