Impulsivity, serum lipids and serotonin-related functional gene variants
Kuupäev
2024-07-15
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Impulsiivsus, mis on mitmete psüühikahäirete, näiteks sõltuvuste ja suitsiidsuse peamine tunnusjoon, tuleneb sageli halvasti läbimõeldud otsustest, mis viivad ebasoodsate tulemusteni. Samas võib impulsiivsust liigitada funktsionaalseks - kiire otsustamine, mis võib olla teatud tingimustel kasulik -, ja düsfunktsionaalseks impulsiivsuseks, mida iseloomustab läbimõeldud otsuste tegemise puudumine siis, kui see on vajalik. Kõrget impulsiivsuse taset on seostatud nii madala serotonergilise aktiivsuse kui ka madala kolesteroolitasemega.
Meie uuring, mis hõlmas Eesti laste isiksuse, käitumise ja tervise uuringu esinduslikku sünnikohorti, uuris kolesterooli, geneetiliste markerite ja impulsiivsuse keerulisi vastastikmõjusid lapsepõlvest kuni täiskasvanueani. Leidsime seoseid 5-HTTLPR-polümorfismi riskigenotüübi ja väiksema LDL- ja üldkolesteroolitaseme vahel. Madal kolesteroolitase lapsepõlves ennustas kõrget maladaptiivset impulsiivsust täiskasvanud meestel, rõhutades kolesterooli rolli impulsiivsuse kujunemisel.
Samuti leidsime, et täiskasvanutel on -1438A/G HTR2A polümorfismi A/A genotüübi korrelatsioon maladaptiivse impulsiivsusega mõjutatud kolesterooli tasemest. Kõrge kolesteroolitase muudab A/A genotüübiga mehed vähem impulsiivseks, kuid sama genotüübiga naised muudab kõrge kolesterool rohkem impulsiivseks.
Riskikäitumise ja impulsiivsuse seos oleneb vanusest ja soost, kusjuures riskialtitel meestel on kõrgem adaptiivne impulsiivsus ja naistel pigem kõrgem maladaptiivne impulsiivsus. Kolesteroolitase ei mõjuta impulsiivsust, riskikäitumist või enesetapumõtteid sugupooltel ja vanustes üheti. Täiskasvanutel leidsime seose kõrge kolesterooli tasemega ainult meestel, kus see oli seotud kõrge suitsiidsuse riskiga, kuid samas vähenenud mõtlematusega.
Antud töö rõhutab, kui oluline on impulsiivsuse uurimisel arvestada mitmete koostoimivate teguritega. Kasutades mitmekesist ja representatiivset valimit, annab käesolev uuring laiema ja täpsema ülevaate sellest, kuidas geneetilised, keskkonna- ja füsioloogilised tegurid koos toimivad mõjutamaks impulsiivsust ja sellega seotud psühhiaatrilisi haigusi. See terviklik lähenemisviis pakub väärtuslikku teavet impulsiivsuse keerulise olemuse ja selle mõju kohta vaimsele tervisele.
Impulsivity, a key feature in several psychological disorders like substance abuse and suicidality, often arises from hasty, ill-considered decisions leading to adverse outcomes. Notably, impulsivity isn't uniformly detrimental; it can be categorized into functional impulsivity, which is beneficial under certain conditions, and dysfunctional impulsivity, characterized by a lack of thoughtful decision-making when required. High impulsivity levels have been linked to both low serotonergic activity and low cholesterol levels. Current study involving a representative birth cohort from the Estonian Children Personality, Behaviour, and Health Study examined the complex interactions between cholesterol, genetic markers, and impulsivity from childhood through young adolescence. We found significant associations between the risk genotype of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and decreased LDL and total cholesterol levels. Interestingly, low cholesterol levels during early childhood predicted high impulsivity in adult males, underscoring cholesterol’s role in developing impulsivity. Furthermore, the study highlights that the -1438A/G HTR2A polymorphism's A/A genotype correlation with maladaptive impulsivity in 25-year-olds is affected by cholesterol levels. In females, high cholesterol intensifies maladaptive impulsivity, whereas in males, higher cholesterol appears to moderate genotype effects. Risk behaviours and impulsivity show varying patterns across different ages and sexes, with males showing more adaptive impulsivity and females showing more maladaptive tendencies. Cholesterol levels don’t uniformly influence risk behaviours or suicidal thoughts across genders and ages, though certain profiles in 25-year-old males are linked to increased suicide risk. The study underscores the importance of considering multiple interacting factors when researching impulsivity. By utilizing a diverse and representative sample, the study provides a broader, more accurate view of how genetic, environmental, and physiological factors converge to influence impulsivity and associated psychiatric conditions. This comprehensive approach offers valuable insights into impulsivity’s complex nature and its implications for mental health, pointing to the need for continued research in this area.
Impulsivity, a key feature in several psychological disorders like substance abuse and suicidality, often arises from hasty, ill-considered decisions leading to adverse outcomes. Notably, impulsivity isn't uniformly detrimental; it can be categorized into functional impulsivity, which is beneficial under certain conditions, and dysfunctional impulsivity, characterized by a lack of thoughtful decision-making when required. High impulsivity levels have been linked to both low serotonergic activity and low cholesterol levels. Current study involving a representative birth cohort from the Estonian Children Personality, Behaviour, and Health Study examined the complex interactions between cholesterol, genetic markers, and impulsivity from childhood through young adolescence. We found significant associations between the risk genotype of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and decreased LDL and total cholesterol levels. Interestingly, low cholesterol levels during early childhood predicted high impulsivity in adult males, underscoring cholesterol’s role in developing impulsivity. Furthermore, the study highlights that the -1438A/G HTR2A polymorphism's A/A genotype correlation with maladaptive impulsivity in 25-year-olds is affected by cholesterol levels. In females, high cholesterol intensifies maladaptive impulsivity, whereas in males, higher cholesterol appears to moderate genotype effects. Risk behaviours and impulsivity show varying patterns across different ages and sexes, with males showing more adaptive impulsivity and females showing more maladaptive tendencies. Cholesterol levels don’t uniformly influence risk behaviours or suicidal thoughts across genders and ages, though certain profiles in 25-year-old males are linked to increased suicide risk. The study underscores the importance of considering multiple interacting factors when researching impulsivity. By utilizing a diverse and representative sample, the study provides a broader, more accurate view of how genetic, environmental, and physiological factors converge to influence impulsivity and associated psychiatric conditions. This comprehensive approach offers valuable insights into impulsivity’s complex nature and its implications for mental health, pointing to the need for continued research in this area.
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