Eesti, Läti ja Leedu NSV-st väljasaadetute vabastamiskord 1945.–1989. a
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1941., 1945.–1952. a Balti liiduvabariikides läbi viidud väljasaatmisoperatsioonide käigus represseeriti ligikaudu 202 148 inimest: Eesti NSV-s 28 439, Läti NSV-s 53 361 ja Leedu NSV-s 120 348. Perioodil 1945–1954 tähendas vabastamiskord väljasaatmisotsuste tühistamist ja puudutas „kulakuid“ ning pärast 1947. a väljasaadetuid. Erandid olid haruldased (nt 1941. a välja saadetud lapsed). Alates 1954. a tähendas vabastamiskord peamiselt vabastamist väljasaatmisotsuseid tühistamata. See üleliidulisel tasandil algatatud protsess viis kõigi Balti liiduvabariikidest väljasaadetute järkjärgulise vabastamiseni 1965. aastaks. Vabastamiskord liiduvabariikide tasandil järgis üleliidulisel tasandil seatud kurssi, keskendudes nii väljasaatmisotsuste tühistamisele kui ka vabastamisele väljasaatmisotsuseid tühistamata. Alates 1965. a kuni 1980. aastate lõpuni tegelesid Balti liiduvabariigid nende represseeritute väljasaatmisotsuste tühistamisega, kes olid varem vabastatud ilma väljasaatmisotsuste tühistamiseta. Selline vabastamiskord sarnanes varasema 1930. aastate esimesel poolel välja saadetud „kulakute“ vabastamiskorraga, mis tähendas, et väljasaatmisoperatsioonide käigus represseeritute vabastamiskord oli loodud juba Stalini valitsemisajal. 1988. a hakkasid Balti liiduvabariigid seni kehtinud korrale vastu astuma. Ehkki „kulakute“ väljasaatmisotsused tunnistas esimesena kehtetuks Eesti NSV, ometi kõige kiiremini kõigi väljasaatmisotsuste tühistamiseni jõudis Leedu NSV. Läti NSV-s jõudis vastav protsess lõpule alles suvel 1989.
The deportation operations in the Baltic Soviet Socialist Republics conducted in 1941, as well as in 1944–1952 resulted in the repression of app. 202 148 individuals: 28 439 from the Estonian SSR, 53 361 from the Latvian SSR, and 120 348 from the Lithuanian SSR. In 1945–1954, the release procedure meant repeal of deportation decisions and dealt with the “kulaks“, and post-1947 deportees. Exceptions were rare (e.g. the children deported in 1941). From 1954 onward, the release procedure predominantly meant release without repealing deportation decisions. This policy, initiated on the Union level, led to the gradual release of all the Baltic deportees by 1965. The republic-level procedure followed the course set on the Union level focusing both on repealing deportation decisions as well as release with no repeal of such decisions. From 1965 until the late 1980s, the Baltic SSRs focused on repeal of deportation decisions of the deportees previously released with no repeal of their deportation decisions. This release procedure significantly resembled the earlier release procedure of the “kulaks“ deported in the first half of 1930s. That meant that a release procedure as such was embedded in the Soviet deportation policy already during Stalin’s rule. In 1988, the Baltic SSRs began to challenge the existing order. The Estonian SSR was the first one to repeal the deportation decisions of the “kulaks“, the Lithuanian SSR eventually became the first one to repeal all the deportation decisions. The Latvian SSR finalized that process only in summer 1989.
The deportation operations in the Baltic Soviet Socialist Republics conducted in 1941, as well as in 1944–1952 resulted in the repression of app. 202 148 individuals: 28 439 from the Estonian SSR, 53 361 from the Latvian SSR, and 120 348 from the Lithuanian SSR. In 1945–1954, the release procedure meant repeal of deportation decisions and dealt with the “kulaks“, and post-1947 deportees. Exceptions were rare (e.g. the children deported in 1941). From 1954 onward, the release procedure predominantly meant release without repealing deportation decisions. This policy, initiated on the Union level, led to the gradual release of all the Baltic deportees by 1965. The republic-level procedure followed the course set on the Union level focusing both on repealing deportation decisions as well as release with no repeal of such decisions. From 1965 until the late 1980s, the Baltic SSRs focused on repeal of deportation decisions of the deportees previously released with no repeal of their deportation decisions. This release procedure significantly resembled the earlier release procedure of the “kulaks“ deported in the first half of 1930s. That meant that a release procedure as such was embedded in the Soviet deportation policy already during Stalin’s rule. In 1988, the Baltic SSRs began to challenge the existing order. The Estonian SSR was the first one to repeal the deportation decisions of the “kulaks“, the Lithuanian SSR eventually became the first one to repeal all the deportation decisions. The Latvian SSR finalized that process only in summer 1989.
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