Karl Marxi religioonikriitika
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Abstrakt
Käesolev bakalaureusetöö analüüsib Karl Marxi religioonikriitikat, asetades selle tema laiemasse ühiskonnaõpetuse konteksti. Marxi käsitluses on religioon seotud kapitalismi püsimise ja arenguga, soodustades inimestes idealistlikku mõtlemist ja varajates töölisklassi viletsa elu tegelikke põhjusi.
Kirjeldus
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to contextualize Karl Marx’s arguments against religion and to determine more precisely what Marx’s critique of religion consists of. Marx’s critique of religion is not an isolated phenomenon but is rooted within the framework of his political philosophy. In this thesis Marx’s definition of religion is reconstructed, and religion is argued to be understood as a mechanism of self-alienation, as a mental construction created by humans, and as a manifestation of idealism that reverses material cause-and-effect relations for people. The thesis also briefly outlines Marx’s political philosophy, which centers on the struggle against capitalism and the creation of socialist society. It then analyzes his critique of religion. Analysis shows that criticizing religion primarily involves addressing the conditions that sustain it, namely capitalism, under which wage workers are exploited. In this sense, Marx’s critique of religion helps people overcome idealism and draws their attention to the material causes of the world.
Märksõnad
filosoofia, philosophy, religioon, religion, Karl Marx