Filosoofia osakond
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Artificial intelligence and agency
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)When it comes to thinking about artificial intelligence (AI), the possibility of its disobedience is usually considered as a threat to the human race. But here, I elaborate on a counterintuitive and optimistic approach ... -
Dostojevski ja Nietzsche - sarnasus kahe autori nihilismiteooriate vahel teoste "Kurjad vaimud" ja "Võimu tahe" näitel
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö töö eesmärk oli pakkuda omapoolset tõlgendust, milline on seos Fjodor Dostojevski ja Friedrich Nietzsche nihilismi vahel - millisel määral on Nietzsche nihilismi teooria taga Dostojevski teostest ... -
On final value and states of affairs
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Are finally valuable states of affairs intrinsically good (good in themselves) or extrinsically good (good for us)? G.E. Moore argues that finally valuable states of affairs are intrinsically good. I do not believe that ... -
Theory-indexed moral contextualism
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Metaethical theories that are trying to account for moral disagreement face important challenges. On the one hand, if the semantic treatment of moral terms assigns a meaning too specifically related to a contextual parameter ... -
In defense of beliefs as stably high credences: how stability theory of belief avoids the problem of conviction based on purely statistical evidence
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In the thesis, I defended STB from Staffel’s criticism where she argues that STB provides neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition on rational belief. The reason for this is that STB is argued to allow for a belief ... -
The unknown present
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)The Growing Block theory (GBT), which is a theory that posits a past and a present but no future, faces a problem about the knowledge of the present time. If the past is just as real as the present, we face the possibility ... -
Denial of the immaterial substance in early 18th century post-Lockean thought: the cases of Dr. Coward and Mr. Collins
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In this thesis I aim to investigate what kinds of arguments were available in the first decades of 18th century Britain when following the footsteps of Overton, Milton, Hobbes, and Locke in doubting or denying the commonly ... -
Mystical experiences and mental disorders: what psychedelic research on depression and anxiety can tell us about the nature of mental illness
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)This paper examines the implications of the recent research on psychedelic substances and their effects on mental health. Specifically, the paper analyzes the findings concerning the correlation between a particular state ... -
Social construction
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021) -
Relevance of evolutionary biology and game theory in ethics
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Recent research from the fields of evolutionary biology, game theory, cognitive sciences, and anthropology claims that human morality is a result of evolution and the selective advantage of cooperation among individuals ... -
A moral ideal for international law: Vattel on state and territory
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In historia juris gentium contentiones convenire inter principia nationis libertatis et prosperitatis gentium iam diu notissimarum quaestionum fuit. Haec tractatio contradictionem in Ius Gentium de Vattelio (MDCCLVIII) ... -
Metalinguistic denial and its felicity conditions
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In the literature on denial, not much attention has been paid to metalinguistic denial, a speech act used to object to metalinguistic information in a conversation. The purposes of this paper are to describe the effects ... -
A response to the practicality issue in the abolitionist animal rights framework
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In this thesis I have looked into the conflict between the abolitionist animal rights approach and the welfarist approach. The welfarists focus on animals’ right to not suffer, whilst the abolitionists recognize the animals’ ... -
Is 'fitness' a primitive or a propensity? Diagnosing the role of explanatory reductionism on differing standards of scientific definitions
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)This thesis explores the disagreement between the two earliest attempts by philosophers of biology to explain the meaning and explanatory role of evolutionary fitness in the theory of natural selection. I compare two ... -
Alienation and resignation: why don't we act against apocalyptic futures?
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Humanity faces apocalyptic futures which are the product of the current socio-economic system. However, the present response is insufficient. This thesis analyzes what prevents people from effectively acting against future ... -
Euroopa Liidu pagulaspoliitika egalitaaride ja kommunitaaride migratsioonifilosoofilise debati valguses
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Migratsioonifilosoofia keskseks küsimuseks on see, millisel määral on riikidel õigus enda sisserändepoliitika üle otsustada. Ma käsitlesin seda küsimust liberalismi raamistikus egalitaaride ja kommunitaaride eristusega, ... -
Domineerimine nähtusena kolmes võimukäsitluses
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Käesoleva töö eesmärk oli uurida võimu kellegi/millegi üle ja domineerimise samastamist. Selleks valisin välja kolm mõjukat võimu kellegi/millegi üle käsitlust ning uurisin kuivõrd nendes käsitlustes toimub domineerimise ... -
Sotsiaalabi pakkumise filosoofiline mõtestamine tulenevalt tänase sotsiaaltöö põhimõtetest
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Käesolev bakalaureusetöö argumenteerib, et kõikidel inimestel peaks olema õigus sotsiaalabile, olenemata nende panusest ühiskonda. Töö aktsepteerib ja võtab aluseks Eestis ja läänemaailmas valitseva sotsiaaltöö ja selle ... -
Probleem C. Thi Nguyeni kajakambri definitsioonis
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärk oli demonstreerida probleemi Nguyeni definitsiooni ja seda kirjeldavate näidete vahel. Nguyen kirjeldab näidetega kajakambri episteemilist ebatervislikkust, kuid kajakambri definitsioonist ... -
The problems of social justice in health care
(Tartu Ülikool, 2021)In this bachelor's thesis, I focus on the problems of social justice in health care. This thesis gives an overview of the main theories and principles of distributive justice - especially highlighting the various problems ...
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