Filosoofia osakond

Beyond religious pluralism and exclusivism

Hooda, Anurag (Tartu Ülikool, 2022-02)

In this thesis I have argued how we can go beyond religious pluralism and exclusivism to tackle the existing issues in the society. To uncover the veil, I have begun by describing what is religion and various religious ...

Artificial intelligence and agency

Hosseinpour, Hesam (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

When it comes to thinking about artificial intelligence (AI), the possibility of its disobedience is usually considered as a threat to the human race. But here, I elaborate on a counterintuitive and optimistic approach ...

Dostojevski ja Nietzsche - sarnasus kahe autori nihilismiteooriate vahel teoste "Kurjad vaimud" ja "Võimu tahe" näitel

Põhjakas, Tuuli (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö töö eesmärk oli pakkuda omapoolset tõlgendust, milline on seos Fjodor Dostojevski ja Friedrich Nietzsche nihilismi vahel - millisel määral on Nietzsche nihilismi teooria taga Dostojevski teostest ...

On final value and states of affairs

Aguisoul, Youssef (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

Are finally valuable states of affairs intrinsically good (good in themselves) or extrinsically good (good for us)? G.E. Moore argues that finally valuable states of affairs are intrinsically good. I do not believe that ...

Theory-indexed moral contextualism

Suarez, Piero (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

Metaethical theories that are trying to account for moral disagreement face important challenges. On the one hand, if the semantic treatment of moral terms assigns a meaning too specifically related to a contextual parameter ...

In defense of beliefs as stably high credences: how stability theory of belief avoids the problem of conviction based on purely statistical evidence

Machavariani, Sophio (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

In the thesis, I defended STB from Staffel’s criticism where she argues that STB provides neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition on rational belief. The reason for this is that STB is argued to allow for a belief ...

The unknown present

Macherla, Ravi Teja (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

The Growing Block theory (GBT), which is a theory that posits a past and a present but no future, faces a problem about the knowledge of the present time. If the past is just as real as the present, we face the possibility ...

Denial of the immaterial substance in early 18th century post-Lockean thought: the cases of Dr. Coward and Mr. Collins

Averin, Ove (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

In this thesis I aim to investigate what kinds of arguments were available in the first decades of 18th century Britain when following the footsteps of Overton, Milton, Hobbes, and Locke in doubting or denying the commonly ...

Mystical experiences and mental disorders: what psychedelic research on depression and anxiety can tell us about the nature of mental illness

Bar, Monika Joanna (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

This paper examines the implications of the recent research on psychedelic substances and their effects on mental health. Specifically, the paper analyzes the findings concerning the correlation between a particular state ...

Social construction

Narwani, Monica (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

Relevance of evolutionary biology and game theory in ethics

Naidu, Meenachi (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

Recent research from the fields of evolutionary biology, game theory, cognitive sciences, and anthropology claims that human morality is a result of evolution and the selective advantage of cooperation among individuals ...

A moral ideal for international law: Vattel on state and territory

Otsing, Henri (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

In historia juris gentium contentiones convenire inter principia nationis libertatis et prosperitatis gentium iam diu notissimarum quaestionum fuit. Haec tractatio contradictionem in Ius Gentium de Vattelio (MDCCLVIII) ...

Metalinguistic denial and its felicity conditions

Celli, Gabriele (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

In the literature on denial, not much attention has been paid to metalinguistic denial, a speech act used to object to metalinguistic information in a conversation. The purposes of this paper are to describe the effects ...

A response to the practicality issue in the abolitionist animal rights framework

Erik, Egle (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

In this thesis I have looked into the conflict between the abolitionist animal rights approach and the welfarist approach. The welfarists focus on animals’ right to not suffer, whilst the abolitionists recognize the animals’ ...

Is 'fitness' a primitive or a propensity? Diagnosing the role of explanatory reductionism on differing standards of scientific definitions

Rohtmets, Anna Elise (Tartu Ülikool, 2021)

This thesis explores the disagreement between the two earliest attempts by philosophers of biology to explain the meaning and explanatory role of evolutionary fitness in the theory of natural selection. I compare two ...