Eesti ulmekirjanduse žanrid ja nende poeetika
Failid
Kuupäev
2017-04-18
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Väitekirjas uurin eesti ulmekirjanduse žanreid ja nende poeetikat üldiste žanriteoreetiliste arusaamade ning spetsiifiliste žanrikirjelduste taustal, kaasates käsitlusse arvukalt ulmekirjandus-tekste. Kõige laiemas tähenduses hõlmab ulmekirjandus mitmesuguseid fantastilist laadi tekste (nii täiskasvanute kui ka laste- ja noortekirjandusest), milles kujutatud fiktsionaalsed maailmad erinevad mingi olulise tunnuse või omaduse poolest realismile omastest asjaoludest ja võimalikkuse tingimustest. Töös juhindun käesoleva sajandi eesti kirjanduskriitikas levinud tavast liigitada ulmekirjandus kui mastaapne superžanr kolmeks põhižanriks: ime-, õudus- ja teadusulmeks. Kirjeldan ja analüüsin eesti ulmekirjanduse põhi- ja alamžanreid, rakendades žanripoeetika vaatlusel deskriptiivset ja komparativistlikku lähenemisviisi. Ulmežanrite piiritlemine ja žanritekstide määratlemine on kahtlemata keerukas tegevus, sest ulmekirjanduse poeetilised võtted on teoseti äärmiselt variatiivsed ja sageli eklektilised, moodustades kas kanoonilise žanriulme või sporaadilise piirialaulme kihte. Töö pakub põhjaliku sissevaate eesti ulmekirjanduse ühte võimalikku žanrisüsteemi, mis hõlmab tekste alates 19. sajandi keskpaiga kunstmuinasjutust kuni 21. sajandi alguse aurupungini. Väitekirja osaks on seitse artiklit, milles olen tegelenud ulmekirjanduse teoreetilise määratlemise ja mõtestamisega, aga ka mitmete žanrispetsiifiliste küsimustega peamiselt eesti ulmeproosale keskenduva žanrianalüüsi näitel. Töö üldisest eesmärgipüstitusest tulenevalt vaatlen eesti ulmekirjanduse žanripoeetilisi tunnusjooni, süvenedes eri žanrite (nagu ime- ja õudusulme, alternatiivajaloo, maagilise realismi) kirjanduslikku spetsiifikasse. Mitmes artiklis rakendan kvalitatiivse žanrianalüüsiga haakuvat strukturalistlikku teema- ja motiivianalüüsi, mis võimaldab esile tuua tekstide dominantseid žanrielemente. Väitekirja lõpuks kujuneb diskursiivne tõdemus, et eesti ulmekirjandust on paljuski mõjutanud ajalooline ja kultuuriline kontekst, peamiselt kas algupärane folkloorne ainestik, teaduslik-tehnilise maailmapildi muutused või angloameerikalikud žanrieeskujud.
By examining a large number of texts of fantastic fiction, the thesis explores the genres of Estonian fantastic fiction and their poetics in the light of broad genre theoretical perspectives as well as more specific descriptions of the genres. In a wider sense, fantastic fiction comprises of various kinds of speculative fiction texts (including adult, young adult and children’s fiction) in which the depicted fictional worlds differ – either by certain important features or properties – from the circumstances and the conditions of possibility commonly known and used in realism. This research is guided by the popular tradition of Estonian literary criticism of this century, which treats fantastic fiction as an overwhelming super genre and divides fantastic fiction into the three main genres: fantasy, horror and science fiction. The thesis describes and analyses the main and sub genres of Estonian fantastic fiction by utilizing both the descriptive and comparative approaches in examining the genre poetics. The delineation of the fantastic fiction genres and the determination of the genre texts is by no means an easy task; the poetic techniques of the fantastic fiction vary considerably from one work to another and are often eclectic and thereby forming the layers of either the canonical mainstream fantastic fiction or those of sporadic slipstream fantastic fiction. In analyzing texts from fantasy fairy-tales of the mid-nineteenth century to steam punk of the twenty first century, the thesis offers a comprehensive overview of a possible genre system of Estonian fantastic fiction. The thesis consists of seven scientific articles, which deal with the theoretical elucidation and conceptualization of fantastic fiction but also with several genre specific questions based predominantly on the genre analysis centered upon Estonian fantastic fiction prose. Following the main goals of the research, the thesis examines the genre poetic features of Estonian fantastic fiction by delving into the literary specifics of the different genres (fantasy and horror fiction, alternative history, magical realism, etc.). In several articles, the thesis utilizes structural analysis of the subject matter and motives (resting on the qualitative genre analysis), which enables to accentuate and highlight the dominant genre elements of the texts. The thesis concludes that Estonian fantastic fiction has been heavily influenced by the historical and cultural context: by the traditional folk themes, by the changes in the scientific-technological worldview and by the genre examples from the Anglo-American literary tradition.
By examining a large number of texts of fantastic fiction, the thesis explores the genres of Estonian fantastic fiction and their poetics in the light of broad genre theoretical perspectives as well as more specific descriptions of the genres. In a wider sense, fantastic fiction comprises of various kinds of speculative fiction texts (including adult, young adult and children’s fiction) in which the depicted fictional worlds differ – either by certain important features or properties – from the circumstances and the conditions of possibility commonly known and used in realism. This research is guided by the popular tradition of Estonian literary criticism of this century, which treats fantastic fiction as an overwhelming super genre and divides fantastic fiction into the three main genres: fantasy, horror and science fiction. The thesis describes and analyses the main and sub genres of Estonian fantastic fiction by utilizing both the descriptive and comparative approaches in examining the genre poetics. The delineation of the fantastic fiction genres and the determination of the genre texts is by no means an easy task; the poetic techniques of the fantastic fiction vary considerably from one work to another and are often eclectic and thereby forming the layers of either the canonical mainstream fantastic fiction or those of sporadic slipstream fantastic fiction. In analyzing texts from fantasy fairy-tales of the mid-nineteenth century to steam punk of the twenty first century, the thesis offers a comprehensive overview of a possible genre system of Estonian fantastic fiction. The thesis consists of seven scientific articles, which deal with the theoretical elucidation and conceptualization of fantastic fiction but also with several genre specific questions based predominantly on the genre analysis centered upon Estonian fantastic fiction prose. Following the main goals of the research, the thesis examines the genre poetic features of Estonian fantastic fiction by delving into the literary specifics of the different genres (fantasy and horror fiction, alternative history, magical realism, etc.). In several articles, the thesis utilizes structural analysis of the subject matter and motives (resting on the qualitative genre analysis), which enables to accentuate and highlight the dominant genre elements of the texts. The thesis concludes that Estonian fantastic fiction has been heavily influenced by the historical and cultural context: by the traditional folk themes, by the changes in the scientific-technological worldview and by the genre examples from the Anglo-American literary tradition.
Kirjeldus
Väitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone
Märksõnad
eesti, ulmekirjandus, fantaasiakirjandus, õuduskirjandus, kirjandusžanrid, poeetika, kirjandusteadus, Estonia, science fiction, fantasy literature, horror literature, literary genres, poetics, literary science